MicroRNA and messenger RNA As Potential Urinary Biomarkers in Prostate Cancer

Prostate Cancer (PCa) isthe fifth leading cause of death worldwide and the second most common cancer in men. Worldwide, it was estimated that around 1,276,106 newly diagnosed PCa were reported in 2018 [1]. The diagnosis of suspected PCa is made when the abnormality from the Digital Rectal Examination (DRE) and elevated Prostate Specific Antigen (PSA) present [2]. PSA value of morethan 4 ng/mlisan indication for prostate biopsy examination and this border line value hasa positive predictive value of only 37%, and a negative predictive value of 91% [2]. Therefore, rigorous studies searching for new biomarkers with non-invasive methods that have higher specificity than PSA and can be used as an early detectors as well as prognostic predictors of PCa, have emerged [3].