感觉和认知装病:研究和测试

Decis. Sci. Pub Date : 2023-07-06 DOI:10.3390/sci5030027
G. Zucco, G. Sartori
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引用次数: 0

摘要

装病是指故意假装或夸大身体或心理症状,以获得外部激励,例如逃避工作、被起诉或服兵役,或向保险公司寻求经济赔偿。因此,近年来科学界开发了各种技术来应对这一挑战。在这篇综述中,我们讨论装病在视觉,听觉和嗅觉领域,以及在认知障碍和精神病理学。我们对鉴别诊断的多式联运标准提供了一般性、批判性、叙述性的概述,并讨论了有效的心理物理工具和基于电生理学的检测方法,以及对未来方向的见解。
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Sensory and Cognitive Malingering: Studies and Tests
Malingering relates to intentionally pretending or exaggerating physical or psychologic symptoms to gain an external incentive, such as avoiding work, law prosecution or military service, or seeking financial compensation from insurance companies. Accordingly, various techniques have been developed in recent years by the scientific community to address this challenge. In this review, we discuss malingering within visual, auditory and olfactory domains, as well as in cognitive disorders and psychopathology. We provide a general, critical, narrative overview on the intermodal criteria for differential diagnosis, and discuss validated psychophysical tools and electrophysiology-based tests for its detection, as well as insights for future directions.
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