{"title":"拉丁语中推理格和关系格的意思","authors":"R. Erkkilä","doi":"10.12697/jeful.2022.13.2.10","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"Abstract. In this paper, I study the difference between the two goal-cases of the Mordvin languages, namely, the illative and the lative. A spatial case system with two productive goal-cases but only one case for each of the other spatial relations (i.e., location, source, and path) is a rare phenomenon in languages. To explain thissituation, I study the semantics of the cases. I analyze the senses of the two cases, i.e., I study what meanings are expressed by them, and compare the semantic structures of the cases. Both of the cases are used to express mostly the same senses, but the frequencies of the senses differ between the cases. To explain this, I employ the concept of specificity. Specificity refers to the phenomenon where a relation between Trajectorand Landmark is conceptualized as either more or less specific. The comparison of the semantics of the two cases reveals that the illative is used with more and the lative with less specific conceptualizations.In this paper, I study the difference between the two goal-cases of the Mordvin languages, namely, the illative and the lative. A spatial case system with two productive goal-cases but only one case for each of the other spatial relations (i.e., location, source, and path) is a rare phenomenon in languages. To explain this situation, I study the semantics of the cases. I analyze the senses of the two cases, i.e., I study what meanings are expressed by them, and compare the semantic structures of the cases. Both of the cases are used to express mostly the same senses, but the frequencies of the senses differ between the cases. To explain this, I employ the concept of specificity. Specificity refers to the phenomenon where a relation between Trajector and Landmark is conceptualized as either more or less specific. The comparison of the semantics of the two cases reveals that the illative is used with more and the lative with less specific conceptualizations. \nKokkuvõte. Riku Erkkilä: Illatiivi ja latiivi tähendused mordva keeltes. Käesolevas töös uurin erinevusi mordva keelte kahe sihikääne ehk illatiivi ja latiivi vahel. Kohakäänete süsteem, kus on kaks produktiivset sihikäänet, kuid ainult üks kääne teiste kohasuhete väljendamiseks, on maailma keeltes tavaliselt haruldane nähtus. Selle olukorra selgitamiseks uurin käänete semantikat. Analüüsin, milliseid tähendusi käänded väljendavad, ja võrdlen käänete semantilisi struktuure. Mõlemaid käändeid kasutatakse enamasti samademõtete väljendamiseks, aga mõtete sagedused on käänete vahel erinevad. Selle selgitamiseks kasutan spetsiifilisuse mõistet. Spetsiifilisus viitab nähtusele, kus trajektori ja orientiiri vaheline seos kontseptualiseeritakse kas enam või vähem spetsiifilisena. Käänete semantika võrdlusest selgub, et illatiivikasutatakse spetsiifilisemate ja latiivi vähem spetsiifiliste kontseptualisatsioonidega.","PeriodicalId":40321,"journal":{"name":"Eesti ja Soome-Ugri Keeleteaduse Ajakiri-Journal of Estonian and Finno-Ugric Linguistics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.3000,"publicationDate":"2022-11-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"The senses of illative and lative case in the Mordvin languages\",\"authors\":\"R. Erkkilä\",\"doi\":\"10.12697/jeful.2022.13.2.10\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"Abstract. In this paper, I study the difference between the two goal-cases of the Mordvin languages, namely, the illative and the lative. A spatial case system with two productive goal-cases but only one case for each of the other spatial relations (i.e., location, source, and path) is a rare phenomenon in languages. To explain thissituation, I study the semantics of the cases. I analyze the senses of the two cases, i.e., I study what meanings are expressed by them, and compare the semantic structures of the cases. Both of the cases are used to express mostly the same senses, but the frequencies of the senses differ between the cases. To explain this, I employ the concept of specificity. Specificity refers to the phenomenon where a relation between Trajectorand Landmark is conceptualized as either more or less specific. The comparison of the semantics of the two cases reveals that the illative is used with more and the lative with less specific conceptualizations.In this paper, I study the difference between the two goal-cases of the Mordvin languages, namely, the illative and the lative. A spatial case system with two productive goal-cases but only one case for each of the other spatial relations (i.e., location, source, and path) is a rare phenomenon in languages. To explain this situation, I study the semantics of the cases. I analyze the senses of the two cases, i.e., I study what meanings are expressed by them, and compare the semantic structures of the cases. Both of the cases are used to express mostly the same senses, but the frequencies of the senses differ between the cases. To explain this, I employ the concept of specificity. Specificity refers to the phenomenon where a relation between Trajector and Landmark is conceptualized as either more or less specific. The comparison of the semantics of the two cases reveals that the illative is used with more and the lative with less specific conceptualizations. \\nKokkuvõte. Riku Erkkilä: Illatiivi ja latiivi tähendused mordva keeltes. Käesolevas töös uurin erinevusi mordva keelte kahe sihikääne ehk illatiivi ja latiivi vahel. Kohakäänete süsteem, kus on kaks produktiivset sihikäänet, kuid ainult üks kääne teiste kohasuhete väljendamiseks, on maailma keeltes tavaliselt haruldane nähtus. Selle olukorra selgitamiseks uurin käänete semantikat. Analüüsin, milliseid tähendusi käänded väljendavad, ja võrdlen käänete semantilisi struktuure. Mõlemaid käändeid kasutatakse enamasti samademõtete väljendamiseks, aga mõtete sagedused on käänete vahel erinevad. Selle selgitamiseks kasutan spetsiifilisuse mõistet. Spetsiifilisus viitab nähtusele, kus trajektori ja orientiiri vaheline seos kontseptualiseeritakse kas enam või vähem spetsiifilisena. Käänete semantika võrdlusest selgub, et illatiivikasutatakse spetsiifilisemate ja latiivi vähem spetsiifiliste kontseptualisatsioonidega.\",\"PeriodicalId\":40321,\"journal\":{\"name\":\"Eesti ja Soome-Ugri Keeleteaduse Ajakiri-Journal of Estonian and Finno-Ugric Linguistics\",\"volume\":null,\"pages\":null},\"PeriodicalIF\":0.3000,\"publicationDate\":\"2022-11-26\",\"publicationTypes\":\"Journal Article\",\"fieldsOfStudy\":null,\"isOpenAccess\":false,\"openAccessPdf\":\"\",\"citationCount\":\"0\",\"resultStr\":null,\"platform\":\"Semanticscholar\",\"paperid\":null,\"PeriodicalName\":\"Eesti ja Soome-Ugri Keeleteaduse Ajakiri-Journal of Estonian and Finno-Ugric Linguistics\",\"FirstCategoryId\":\"1085\",\"ListUrlMain\":\"https://doi.org/10.12697/jeful.2022.13.2.10\",\"RegionNum\":0,\"RegionCategory\":null,\"ArticlePicture\":[],\"TitleCN\":null,\"AbstractTextCN\":null,\"PMCID\":null,\"EPubDate\":\"\",\"PubModel\":\"\",\"JCR\":\"0\",\"JCRName\":\"LANGUAGE & LINGUISTICS\",\"Score\":null,\"Total\":0}","platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Eesti ja Soome-Ugri Keeleteaduse Ajakiri-Journal of Estonian and Finno-Ugric Linguistics","FirstCategoryId":"1085","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.12697/jeful.2022.13.2.10","RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":null,"ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"0","JCRName":"LANGUAGE & LINGUISTICS","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
摘要
摘要本文研究了北欧语两种目的格的区别,即喻格和关系格。空间格系统有两个生产性的目标格,而其他空间关系(即位置、来源和路径)只有一个格,这在语言中是罕见的现象。为了解释这种情况,我研究了案例的语义。我分析了两个案例的意义,即研究它们表达了什么意义,并比较了两个案例的语义结构。这两种情况大多用来表达相同的感觉,但感觉的频率在情况之间有所不同。为了解释这一点,我使用了特异性的概念。特异性是指轨迹和地标之间的关系被概念化为更具体或更不具体的现象。通过对两种情况的语义比较,可以看出,比喻词用于较多的具体概念,而关系词用于较少的具体概念。本文研究了北欧语两种目的格的区别,即喻格和关系格。空间格系统有两个生产性的目标格,而其他空间关系(即位置、来源和路径)只有一个格,这在语言中是罕见的现象。为了解释这种情况,我研究了案例的语义。我分析了两个案例的意义,即研究它们表达了什么意义,并比较了两个案例的语义结构。这两种情况大多用来表达相同的感觉,但感觉的频率在情况之间有所不同。为了解释这一点,我使用了特异性的概念。特异性指的是将Trajector和Landmark之间的关系概念化为更具体或更不具体的现象。通过对两种情况的语义比较,可以看出,比喻词用于较多的具体概念,而关系词用于较少的具体概念。Kokkuvote。Riku Erkkilä: Illatiivi ja latiivi tähendused mordva keeltes。Käesolevas töös urin erinevusi mordva keelte kahe sihikääne ehk illativija lativii vahel。Kohakäänete ssteem, kus on kaks producktiivset sihikäänet, kuid ainult ks kääne teiste kohasuhete väljendamiseks, on maailma keeltes tavaliselt haruldane nähtus。Selle olukorra selgitamiseks尿素käänete语义kat。分析,毫秒tähendusi käänded väljendavad, ja võrdlen käänete语义结构。Mõlemaid käändeid kasutatakse enamasti samademõtete väljendamiseks, aga mõtete sagedused on käänete vahel erinevad。出售selgitamiseks kasutan专用产品mõistet。spectifiilisus viitab nähtusele, kus trajektori ja orientiiri vaheline seos kontseptualiseritakse kasam või vähem specfiilisena。Käänete semantika võrdlusest selgub, et illatiivikasutatakse speciifilisemate ja latii vähem speciifiliste kontseptualistion idega。
The senses of illative and lative case in the Mordvin languages
Abstract. In this paper, I study the difference between the two goal-cases of the Mordvin languages, namely, the illative and the lative. A spatial case system with two productive goal-cases but only one case for each of the other spatial relations (i.e., location, source, and path) is a rare phenomenon in languages. To explain thissituation, I study the semantics of the cases. I analyze the senses of the two cases, i.e., I study what meanings are expressed by them, and compare the semantic structures of the cases. Both of the cases are used to express mostly the same senses, but the frequencies of the senses differ between the cases. To explain this, I employ the concept of specificity. Specificity refers to the phenomenon where a relation between Trajectorand Landmark is conceptualized as either more or less specific. The comparison of the semantics of the two cases reveals that the illative is used with more and the lative with less specific conceptualizations.In this paper, I study the difference between the two goal-cases of the Mordvin languages, namely, the illative and the lative. A spatial case system with two productive goal-cases but only one case for each of the other spatial relations (i.e., location, source, and path) is a rare phenomenon in languages. To explain this situation, I study the semantics of the cases. I analyze the senses of the two cases, i.e., I study what meanings are expressed by them, and compare the semantic structures of the cases. Both of the cases are used to express mostly the same senses, but the frequencies of the senses differ between the cases. To explain this, I employ the concept of specificity. Specificity refers to the phenomenon where a relation between Trajector and Landmark is conceptualized as either more or less specific. The comparison of the semantics of the two cases reveals that the illative is used with more and the lative with less specific conceptualizations.
Kokkuvõte. Riku Erkkilä: Illatiivi ja latiivi tähendused mordva keeltes. Käesolevas töös uurin erinevusi mordva keelte kahe sihikääne ehk illatiivi ja latiivi vahel. Kohakäänete süsteem, kus on kaks produktiivset sihikäänet, kuid ainult üks kääne teiste kohasuhete väljendamiseks, on maailma keeltes tavaliselt haruldane nähtus. Selle olukorra selgitamiseks uurin käänete semantikat. Analüüsin, milliseid tähendusi käänded väljendavad, ja võrdlen käänete semantilisi struktuure. Mõlemaid käändeid kasutatakse enamasti samademõtete väljendamiseks, aga mõtete sagedused on käänete vahel erinevad. Selle selgitamiseks kasutan spetsiifilisuse mõistet. Spetsiifilisus viitab nähtusele, kus trajektori ja orientiiri vaheline seos kontseptualiseeritakse kas enam või vähem spetsiifilisena. Käänete semantika võrdlusest selgub, et illatiivikasutatakse spetsiifilisemate ja latiivi vähem spetsiifiliste kontseptualisatsioonidega.