程序动词表达谓语结构中状语的义务

O. Sulyma
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引用次数: 0

摘要

本文讨论了过程动词表示的谓语扩展结构的状语的语义;动词和状语之间语义关系的专一性过程动词组与状语修饰语的关系。本研究是在比较维霍瓦涅茨和什韦多瓦以及姆拉扎克关于简单句结构中状语的可选性/义务性的科学概念的基础上进行的。阐明了简单句句法联系解释的形式方面的特点。本文认为,在形式层面上,不同语义的副词修饰语大多不是由动词的意义来预测的,但对于话语的逻辑结构、常识的表达、对对话者的理解来说,副词修饰语是非常重要的。单独的过程动词的语义需要用状语进行扩展(特别是位置和时间状语,很少使用使节状语)。谓语和状语之间的联系最为明显。用动词表示存在物的物理过程和状态或性质的变化,分析其结构的原因。作者探讨了需要通过修饰语澄清语义的言语义。确立了句法结构在不同文体语篇中事实分布的特殊性。为了证明自己的论点,作者使用了以下方法:描述法、转换法和分布分析法。
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Obligation of Adverbial Modifiers in Constructions with Predicates Expressed by Procedure Verbs
The article deals with semantics of adverbial modifiers that extend constructions with predicates expressed by procedure verbs; specificity of semantic relations between verb and adverbial modifier; relation between groups of procedure verbs and adverbial modifiers. The research is based on a comparison of scientific concepts of I. Vyhovanets and N. Shvedova, on the one hand, and R. Mrazek, on the other, regarding optionality / obligation of adverbial modifiers in the structure of a simple sentence. The peculiarities of the formal aspect of interpreting syntactic linkages in simple sentence are clarified. It is argued that, at the formal level, adverbial modifiers of different semantics are mostly not predicted by the meaning of a verb, but for logical structure of utterance, expression of common sense, for understanding interlocutors adverbial modifiers are extremely significant. The semantics of separate procedure verbs needs to be extended with adverbial modifiers (in particular, locative and temporal, rarely – causative). Moreover, connection between predicate and adverbial modifier is mostly obvious. Causes in constructions with verbs which denote physical processes of beings and changes of state or quality are analyzed. The author explores verbal semes that require clarification of semantics by adverbial modifiers. Specificity of factual distribution of syntactic constructions in texts of different styles is established. To prove his arguments, the author uses the following methods: descriptive, transformational and the method of distributional analysis.
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