奥特曼是东方主义者吗?

IF 0.2 3区 文学 0 LITERATURE PROOFTEXTS-A JOURNAL OF JEWISH LITERARY HISTORY Pub Date : 2021-12-01 DOI:10.2979/prooftexts.39.1.04
Gideon Nevo
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引用次数: 0

摘要

摘要:纳坦·奥特曼(Natan Alterman)是以色列建国前后巴勒斯坦犹太社区的主要诗歌代言人,多年来一直在希伯来语各大日报上定期发表诗歌专栏。20世纪40年代至60年代期间,他在达瓦尔出版的主要新闻诗歌《第七纵队》享有前所未有的知名度和影响力,实际上为他赢得了“民族诗人”的称号。在《Hatur hashevi ā i》中,奥特曼对20世纪犹太人历史上所有悲惨和戏剧性的事件做出了共鸣的诗意回应,这些事件以第二次世界大战、大屠杀和以色列独立的艰苦斗争为高潮。在这个州的早期,他继续这样做。新州面临的挑战之一是如何吸收大量涌入该州的移民。在处理来自亚洲和北非国家(米兹拉希或“东方”)的移民时,这一挑战更加复杂,他们的文化背景与主要是欧洲血统(德系犹太人)的老牌吸收人口非常不同。在他的新闻诗歌中,奥特曼表现出一贯支持米兹拉希的立场。在他们所有的挣扎中,他都站在他们一边,同情他们的痛苦和艰辛,崇拜他们的辛劳和烦恼。与此同时,他关于米兹拉希·阿利亚(犹太人移民到以色列)的诗歌中充斥着极端东方主义的形象和主题。本文揭示和分析了奥特曼的东方主义话语,但也试图提供一种可能弥合这种话语与他的政治立场之间差距的阅读。
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Was Alterman an Orientalist?
Abstract:For many years Natan Alterman, the main poetic voice of the Jewish community in Palestine before and after the establishment of the state of Israel, published a regular poetic column in major Hebrew dailies. His major body of journalistic verse—"Hatur hasheviʿi" ("The Seventh Column") published in Davar from the 1940s through the 1960s—enjoyed unprecedented popularity and influence and, in effect, earned him the title of national poet. In "Hatur hasheviʿi" Alterman provided a resonant poetic response to all the tragic and dramatic events in the history of the Jewish people in the twentieth century, culminating in World War II, the Holocaust, and the bitter struggle for Israel's independence. He continued this in the early years of the state. One of the challenges facing the new state was absorbing the massive waves of immigration streaming to its gates. This challenge was compounded when dealing with immigrants from Asian and North African countries (Mizrahi, or "Oriental"), whose cultural background was very different from that of the veteran absorbing population, which was mainly of European origin (Ashkenazi). In his journalistic poetry Alterman evinces a consistent pro-Mizrahi stance. He sides with them in all their struggles, empathizes with their pain and hardship, idolizes their toil and trouble. At the same time, his poems dealing with the Mizrahi aliyah (Jewish immigration to Israel) are strewn with extreme Orientalist images and motifs. This article exposes and analyzes Alterman's Orientalist discourse but also tries to provide a reading that might bridge the gap between this discourse and his political stance.
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期刊介绍: For sixteen years, Prooftexts: A Journal of Jewish Literary History has brought to the study of Jewish literature, in its many guises and periods, new methods of study and a new wholeness of approach. A unique exchange has taken place between Israeli and American scholars, as more work from Israelis has appeared in the journal. Prooftexts" thematic issues have made important contributions to the field.
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