切尔诺夫茨地区土壤肥力指标动态

Mykhailo Hunchak, Mykhailo Solomiichuk, O. Pikovska
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摘要

为了制定合理利用土壤的措施,对土壤进行农化评价是很重要的。研究目的是建立2011-2020年切尔诺夫茨地区土壤肥力指标的变化动态。在我们的工作中分别采用了实验室和现场的方法,分析和概括。在土壤样品中,测定了土壤环境的反应、腐殖质含量、易水解化合物氮含量、流动磷酸盐和交换性钾含量。结果表明,该地区土壤溶液酸度以接近中性(31.8%)和中性(36.5%)的土地为主。盐渍pH的加权平均指标为5.8,对应于土壤溶液的接近中性反应。与上一轮调查(2011-2015)相比,加权平均pH值没有变化。在腐殖质供应水平上,以平均腐殖质含量为主(66.7%),加权平均腐殖质含量为2.7%。与前一轮调查相比,腐殖质的加权平均含量增加了0.1%。从易水解氮含量来看,大部分土地为极低(48.3%)和低氮(48.7%)。报告期内易水解氮含量的加权平均指标为106.4 mg/kg,对应于该元素的低有效度。与前一轮调查相比,易水解氮含量加权平均指标提高了0.9 mg/kg土壤。该区域以流动磷含量平均(31.5%)的土地为主,流动磷含量加权平均指标为56 mg/kg,与平均有效度相对应。与上一轮调查相比,磷含量加权平均指标提高了4.0 mg/kg。在钾的流动化合物含量方面,钾含量非常高的土地占多数(51.5%),尽管钾的流动化合物含量加权平均指标为78 mg/kg,与大量元素的平均供应量相对应。与前一轮调查相比,磷含量加权平均指标提高了15.4 mg/kg。本文的研究结果可用于土壤学和农学专家的培训过程,也将对切尔诺夫茨地区的土地使用者在规划合理利用土壤的措施时有用。
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Dynamics of Soil Fertility Indicators of Chernivtsi Region
For the development of measures for the rational use of soils, an agrochemical assessment of soils is important. The purpose of research was to establish the dynamics of changes in soil fertility indicators of the Chernivtsi region during 2011-2020. In our work were used laboratory and field methods, analysis and generalization. In the soil samples, the reaction of the soil environment, humus content, nitrogen content of easily hydrolyzable compounds, mobile phosphates and exchangeable potassium were determined. It was established that the acidity of the soil solution in the region is dominated by lands close to neutral (31.8%) and neutral (36.5%). The weighted average indicator of saline pH is 5.8, which corresponds to a close to neutral reaction of the soil solution. Compared to the previous survey round (2011-2015), the weighted average pH did not change. In terms of the level of humus provision, soils with an average humus content prevail (66.7%), and the weighted average humus content in the region is 2.7%. Compared to the previous survey round, the weighted average content of humus increased by 0.1%. According to the content of easily hydrolyzable nitrogen, most lands have very low (48.3%) and low nitrogen content (48.7%). The weighted average indicator of easily hydrolyzable nitrogen content for the reporting period is 106.4 mg/kg of soil, which corresponds to the low availability of this element. When compared with the previous survey round, the weighted average indicator of easily hydrolyzable nitrogen content increased by 0.9 mg/kg of soil. The region is dominated by lands with an average content of mobile phosphorus compounds (31.5%), and the weighted average indicator of the content of mobile phosphorus compounds is 56 mg/kg, which corresponds to average availability. Compared to the previous survey round, the weighted average indicator of phosphorus content increased by 4.0 mg/kg. In terms of the content of mobile compounds of potassium, lands with a very high content of potassium prevail (51.5%), although the weighted average indicator of the content of mobile compounds of potassium is 78 mg/kg, which corresponds to the average supply of the macroelement. Compared to the previous survey round, the weighted average indicator of phosphorus content increased by 15.4 mg/kg. The results of the article can be used in the process of training specialists in soil science and agronomy, and will also be useful for land users of the Chernivtsi region when planning measures for the rational use of soils.
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