IMPROVEMENT OF THERMAL MODES OF WARMING UP HIGH-TEMPERATURE UNITS

One of the main problems of the modern world is the search for economy of energy resources that could compete with natural gas. High-temperature furnaces are one of the biggest consumers of fuel. The heat-technology installation (furnace unit) is a set of working space within which a high-temperature process is carried out, and the equipment that ensures its implementation. The upper part of the reactor enclosure (working space) is called the vault. The vault is an element that determines the stability of the unit in general and affects the technical and economic indicators of production. On furnaces with intensive blowing of the bath with oxygen, the stability of the vault is about 300 melts. In the course of the technological process, the furnace vault is affected by the following factors: uneven heating of the inner surface of the vault along the length and width due to the uneven temperature field of the torch when heating the unit; temperature fluctuations depending on technological periods; a change in the chemical and phase composition of the refractory vault material as a result of the influence of slag and metal splashes, smelting dust and the gas atmosphere of the working space of the furnace. The intensification of thermal and technological regimes contributes to strengthening and accelerating the action of the above-mentioned processes. Therefore, special attention should be paid to the issue of high-quality heating of the vault of the unit. The article presents the results of studies of factors affecting the stability of the vault of high-temperature aggregates. On the basis of calculations based on the heat balance equations of the high-temperature unit, as well as recommendations for heating refractory products. In this article has been developed a new rational heating mode. The new thermal mode of heating the vault of the furnace will ensure a uniform temperature gradient over the entire surface of the vault, as well as the space of the furnace: with exposure to 300°С and 800°С in the zones of increased linear expansion of directly bonded high-temperature products. And also increase the productivity of the unit due to faster entry into the working mode. The fuel reduction for the heating process is estimated about 10.7%.