A Case Report on X-Linked Chronic Granulomatous Disease (CGD)

The Chronic Granulomatous Disease is a rare primary immunodeficiency disease, principally attacking white blood cells, characterized by an increased susceptibility to the recurrent bacterial and fungal infections along with the genesis of granulomas in tissue. Staphylococcus and aspergillosis are the main pathogens responsible for majority of infections in CGD. Here we report a case of 5yrs old boy who came with the complaints of fever, cough, and multiple abscess over the right leg, right ankle and left hand with puss discharge. DHR test was performed and have shown the positive results for chronic granulomatous disease. asymptomatic till 3 months of life, then developed pneumonia for which he was ventilated for 5 days. Child has recurrent episodes of LRTI for which IV antibiotics were prescribed. There were no similar complaints in family relating to immune deficiency. Child was immunized as per age profile but has delayed milestones. Immunological studies show normal concentrations of IgA-192 (100-490), IgM-90 (50-320) with mild decrease of IgG-797 (800-1700). Complete blood picture reveals microcytic hypochromic anaemia. Antibiotic sensitivity test was done, and child was found to be sensitive to levofloxacin, imipenem and meropenem.