假装它有效

Tim Hope
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引用次数: 54

摘要

这篇文章是关于使用评估研究的证据,作为内政部减少入室盗窃倡议的一部分。更一般地说,这是一个关于“科学”证据在政治中的使用和地位的案例研究。本文报告了由学术研究人员组成的“米德兰兹联盟”评估的减少入室盗窃项目的方法和发现。这些数据与英国内政部(Home Office)发布的报告中对数据进行重新分析后得出的解释进行了比较。具体地说,它说明了当验证政策的责任——也就是确定“什么是有效的”——被置于(社会)科学的手中时,可能会发生什么,但是产生的证据显然与负责政策的特定“治理网络”不相符。在这种情况下,基于证据的政策制定的结果是,科学话语和方法本身成为政策压力和价值观的牺牲品。本文的关注点放在乌尔里希·贝克(Ulrich Beck, 1992)关于风险社会治理中的“反思性科学化”的讨论的背景下。
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Pretend it works
This article is about the use of evidence from evaluation research undertaken on, and as part of, the Home Office Reducing Burglary Initiative. More generally, it is a case study about the uses and status of ‘scientific’ evidence in politics. The article reports methods and findings regarding burglary reduction projects evaluated by the ‘Midlands Consortium’ of academic researchers. These are compared with interpretations derived from re-analysis of the data presented in reports published by the Home Office. Specifically, it illustrates what might happen when responsibility for validating policy - that is, for establishing ‘what works’ - is placed in the hands of (social) science, but the evidence produced is not, apparently, congenial to the particular ‘network of governance’ that is responsible for the policy. The outcome for evidence-based policy making in these circumstances is that scientific discourse and method itself falls victim to policy pressures and values. The concerns of this article are placed in the context of Ulrich Beck’s (1992) discussion of ‘reflexive scientization’ in the governance of risk society.
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