This paper investigates the discursive construction of co-ethnic migration in German society. Taking a biographical study on ethnic Germans from the former Soviet Union as a starting point, the author traces co-ethnic immigrant pathways in German society and analyzes the legal frameworks, institutions, and organizations encountered by these migrants. The author employs a critical discourse analysis approach to texts relating to a camp where newly arriving immigrants live and undergo registration. The article proposes a new way of researching discursive construction, using biographical interviews as a starting point for identifying “localities of discourse” which are important to the group in question. Such an approach allows us to find relevant sources of discourse in a way that is grounded in empirical material, and subsequently to account for which discourses are appropriated by members of certain social groups, such as co-ethnic migrants. The article thus builds a bridge between biographical sociology and critical discourse analysis, using the former as a point of departure for framing the selection of materials for implementing the latter. The article makes a methodological contribution by introducing the concept “locality of discourse” as a bridge between biographical sociology and critical discourse analysis. The author also makes an empirical contribution by examining a border transit camp in Germany as a “locality of discourse” and showing how the camp informs our understanding of the place of co-ethnic migrants in German society
{"title":"The Discursive Construction of Co-Ethnic Migration","authors":"Olga Zeveleva","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.2574172","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.2574172","url":null,"abstract":"This paper investigates the discursive construction of co-ethnic migration in German society. Taking a biographical study on ethnic Germans from the former Soviet Union as a starting point, the author traces co-ethnic immigrant pathways in German society and analyzes the legal frameworks, institutions, and organizations encountered by these migrants. The author employs a critical discourse analysis approach to texts relating to a camp where newly arriving immigrants live and undergo registration. The article proposes a new way of researching discursive construction, using biographical interviews as a starting point for identifying “localities of discourse” which are important to the group in question. Such an approach allows us to find relevant sources of discourse in a way that is grounded in empirical material, and subsequently to account for which discourses are appropriated by members of certain social groups, such as co-ethnic migrants. The article thus builds a bridge between biographical sociology and critical discourse analysis, using the former as a point of departure for framing the selection of materials for implementing the latter. The article makes a methodological contribution by introducing the concept “locality of discourse” as a bridge between biographical sociology and critical discourse analysis. The author also makes an empirical contribution by examining a border transit camp in Germany as a “locality of discourse” and showing how the camp informs our understanding of the place of co-ethnic migrants in German society","PeriodicalId":10793,"journal":{"name":"Criminal Justice","volume":"92 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-03-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86161424","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
When the buyer's utility is non-linear in type, revenue-maximizing mechanisms for multiple goods may be random. This happens when the allocation rule obtained via pointwise optimization is not incentive compatible, which is possible even with strictly increasing virtual utilities.
{"title":"A Note on Optimal Allocation Mechanisms","authors":"N. Figueroa, Vasiliki Skreta","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.1120961","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.1120961","url":null,"abstract":"When the buyer's utility is non-linear in type, revenue-maximizing mechanisms for multiple goods may be random. This happens when the allocation rule obtained via pointwise optimization is not incentive compatible, which is possible even with strictly increasing virtual utilities.","PeriodicalId":10793,"journal":{"name":"Criminal Justice","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89223662","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2005-11-01DOI: 10.1177/1466802505057715
M. Welch, Liza Schuster
Although criminologists in the US and Europe continue to explore issues of immigration, race, and ethnicity in the context of crime, they have yet to examine the detention of asylum seekers. Still, this is a social phenomenon that requires serious consideration since in many instances such policies and practices violate international standards for the protection of refugees. This work takes a critical look at the detention of persons fleeing persecution by situating it an expanding culture of control stoked by the criminology of the other. The article offers evidence of a steady increase in the reliance on detention of asylum seekers in the US, UK, France, Germany, and Italy. Indications of a conservative shift in criminological thought affecting crime—and asylum—policy are addressed alongside concerns for human rights in a post-September 11 world.
{"title":"Detention of asylum seekers in the US, UK, France, Germany, and Italy","authors":"M. Welch, Liza Schuster","doi":"10.1177/1466802505057715","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/1466802505057715","url":null,"abstract":"Although criminologists in the US and Europe continue to explore issues of immigration, race, and ethnicity in the context of crime, they have yet to examine the detention of asylum seekers. Still, this is a social phenomenon that requires serious consideration since in many instances such policies and practices violate international standards for the protection of refugees. This work takes a critical look at the detention of persons fleeing persecution by situating it an expanding culture of control stoked by the criminology of the other. The article offers evidence of a steady increase in the reliance on detention of asylum seekers in the US, UK, France, Germany, and Italy. Indications of a conservative shift in criminological thought affecting crime—and asylum—policy are addressed alongside concerns for human rights in a post-September 11 world.","PeriodicalId":10793,"journal":{"name":"Criminal Justice","volume":"13 1","pages":"331 - 355"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2005-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82248345","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2005-11-01DOI: 10.1177/1466802505057718
B. Stolz
During the 1990s, the human trafficking problem emerged as an issue on the international and US policy agendas. Using an expanded case study approach to study the agenda-setting stage, this article examines the role of interest groups in educating US policymakers about the trafficking problem, culminating in the enactment of the trafficking provisions of the ‘Victims of Trafficking and Violence Protection Act of 2000’. Specifically, this article focuses on the participation of ‘nonprofessional criminal justice’ interest groups—purely service groups or groups whose interest in criminal justice policy is of an ad hoc nature—such as human rights, women’s, refugee, and religious organizations. Since the human trafficking agenda-setting stage in the USA was linked to international anti-trafficking efforts, the observations in this article extend beyond US policymaking. They point to the need to study interest group participation, particularly non-professional criminal justice groups, in setting the international criminal justice policy agenda and determining cross-national criminal justice responses to global crime problems.
{"title":"Educating policymakers and setting the criminal justice policymaking agenda","authors":"B. Stolz","doi":"10.1177/1466802505057718","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/1466802505057718","url":null,"abstract":"During the 1990s, the human trafficking problem emerged as an issue on the international and US policy agendas. Using an expanded case study approach to study the agenda-setting stage, this article examines the role of interest groups in educating US policymakers about the trafficking problem, culminating in the enactment of the trafficking provisions of the ‘Victims of Trafficking and Violence Protection Act of 2000’. Specifically, this article focuses on the participation of ‘nonprofessional criminal justice’ interest groups—purely service groups or groups whose interest in criminal justice policy is of an ad hoc nature—such as human rights, women’s, refugee, and religious organizations. Since the human trafficking agenda-setting stage in the USA was linked to international anti-trafficking efforts, the observations in this article extend beyond US policymaking. They point to the need to study interest group participation, particularly non-professional criminal justice groups, in setting the international criminal justice policy agenda and determining cross-national criminal justice responses to global crime problems.","PeriodicalId":10793,"journal":{"name":"Criminal Justice","volume":"17 1","pages":"407 - 430"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2005-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73865866","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2005-11-01DOI: 10.1177/1466802505057717
D. Louw, C. Strydom, Karel Esterhuyse
This article focuses on the factors that are deemed important by magistrates and psychologists in the prediction of dangerous or violent behaviour. Five case studies, in which the risk of violence came into play, were presented to the respondents (85 magistrates and 52 psychologists) with the aid of a self-compiled questionnaire. The opinions of the legal practitioners and psychologists concerning the risk of violence that was involved in each case study were tested on the basis of two questions: (i) To what degree is the person in the case study a danger to the community? and (ii) Which risk factors were decisive in respect of Question 1? There was agreement between the two professional groups regarding risk factors. However, in certain cases there was a difference between the two professional groups in respect of the weight allocated to the specific risk factors (for example, psychologists attached more value than the legal practitioners to age, race, gender, the absence of a criminal record, the absence of remorse and drug addiction). Another insight-giving finding was that the opinions of the psychologists concerning risk factors are more substantially supported by existing research than those of magistrates.
{"title":"Prediction of violent behaviour","authors":"D. Louw, C. Strydom, Karel Esterhuyse","doi":"10.1177/1466802505057717","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/1466802505057717","url":null,"abstract":"This article focuses on the factors that are deemed important by magistrates and psychologists in the prediction of dangerous or violent behaviour. Five case studies, in which the risk of violence came into play, were presented to the respondents (85 magistrates and 52 psychologists) with the aid of a self-compiled questionnaire. The opinions of the legal practitioners and psychologists concerning the risk of violence that was involved in each case study were tested on the basis of two questions: (i) To what degree is the person in the case study a danger to the community? and (ii) Which risk factors were decisive in respect of Question 1? There was agreement between the two professional groups regarding risk factors. However, in certain cases there was a difference between the two professional groups in respect of the weight allocated to the specific risk factors (for example, psychologists attached more value than the legal practitioners to age, race, gender, the absence of a criminal record, the absence of remorse and drug addiction). Another insight-giving finding was that the opinions of the psychologists concerning risk factors are more substantially supported by existing research than those of magistrates.","PeriodicalId":10793,"journal":{"name":"Criminal Justice","volume":"10 4 1","pages":"379 - 406"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2005-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78346561","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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