Alejandra Alfaro Pinto, C. McGill, J. Nadarajan, Fredy L Archila Morales, A. Clavijo Mccormick
{"title":"三种新热带兰属植物的种子形态","authors":"Alejandra Alfaro Pinto, C. McGill, J. Nadarajan, Fredy L Archila Morales, A. Clavijo Mccormick","doi":"10.3390/seeds2030025","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"Neotropical orchids are vulnerable to extinction due to overharvesting, habitat destruction and climate change. However, a basic understanding of orchid seed biology to support conservation efforts is still lacking for most species. Seed morphology is linked to plant adaptation and evolution, influencing seed dispersal, dormancy, longevity, and germination, which are valuable traits for conservation. In this study, we characterized and compared the morphological traits of seed capsules (size, shape, and colour) and seeds (seed and embryo shape and size and internal airspace volume) for three epiphytic Neotropical orchid species of the genus Lycaste native to Guatemala: L. cochleata, L. lasioglossa, and L. virginalis. The three species show qualitative similarities in seed capsule colour and appearance and in seed morphology (i.e., scobiform oval-shaped seeds and prolate-spheroid embryos). All species have small-sized seeds (length of L. cochleata: 210 µm, L. lasioglossa: 230 µm, and L. virginalis: 260 µm), with proportionally large embryos (length of L. cochleata: 140 µm, L. lasioglossa: 120 µm, and L. virginalis: 150 µm) and an internal air-space volume that occupies less than half of the seed (L. cochleata: 17%, L. lasioglossa: 42%, and L. virginalis: 30%). This finding is consistent with previous reports for other epiphytic orchid species, which typically have lower air volumes than terrestrial orchids. These differences are likely a result of evolutionary changes associated with different habits and may influence seed dispersal. We also found some significant differences in seed morphology between the studied species, but their taxonomic, biological, and ecological relevance remain to be elucidated. More comparative studies, including on other Lycaste species with different habits, are needed to explore relationships between seed morphology, taxonomy, biology, and ecology in this genus to support its conservation.","PeriodicalId":85504,"journal":{"name":"Seeds (New York, N.Y.)","volume":"294 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0000,"publicationDate":"2023-08-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Seed Morphology of Three Neotropical Orchid Species of the Lycaste Genus\",\"authors\":\"Alejandra Alfaro Pinto, C. McGill, J. Nadarajan, Fredy L Archila Morales, A. 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All species have small-sized seeds (length of L. cochleata: 210 µm, L. lasioglossa: 230 µm, and L. virginalis: 260 µm), with proportionally large embryos (length of L. cochleata: 140 µm, L. lasioglossa: 120 µm, and L. virginalis: 150 µm) and an internal air-space volume that occupies less than half of the seed (L. cochleata: 17%, L. lasioglossa: 42%, and L. virginalis: 30%). This finding is consistent with previous reports for other epiphytic orchid species, which typically have lower air volumes than terrestrial orchids. These differences are likely a result of evolutionary changes associated with different habits and may influence seed dispersal. We also found some significant differences in seed morphology between the studied species, but their taxonomic, biological, and ecological relevance remain to be elucidated. More comparative studies, including on other Lycaste species with different habits, are needed to explore relationships between seed morphology, taxonomy, biology, and ecology in this genus to support its conservation.\",\"PeriodicalId\":85504,\"journal\":{\"name\":\"Seeds (New York, N.Y.)\",\"volume\":\"294 1\",\"pages\":\"\"},\"PeriodicalIF\":0.0000,\"publicationDate\":\"2023-08-07\",\"publicationTypes\":\"Journal Article\",\"fieldsOfStudy\":null,\"isOpenAccess\":false,\"openAccessPdf\":\"\",\"citationCount\":\"0\",\"resultStr\":null,\"platform\":\"Semanticscholar\",\"paperid\":null,\"PeriodicalName\":\"Seeds (New York, N.Y.)\",\"FirstCategoryId\":\"1085\",\"ListUrlMain\":\"https://doi.org/10.3390/seeds2030025\",\"RegionNum\":0,\"RegionCategory\":null,\"ArticlePicture\":[],\"TitleCN\":null,\"AbstractTextCN\":null,\"PMCID\":null,\"EPubDate\":\"\",\"PubModel\":\"\",\"JCR\":\"\",\"JCRName\":\"\",\"Score\":null,\"Total\":0}","platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Seeds (New York, N.Y.)","FirstCategoryId":"1085","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.3390/seeds2030025","RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":null,"ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"","JCRName":"","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
摘要
由于过度采伐、栖息地破坏和气候变化,新热带兰花很容易灭绝。然而,对兰花种子生物学的基本了解仍不足以支持大多数物种的保护工作。种子形态与植物的适应和进化有关,影响种子的传播、休眠、寿命和萌发,是植物保护的重要特征。本研究对原产于危地马拉的三种Lycaste属新热带附生兰(L. cochleata, L. lasioglossa和L. virginalis)的种皮(大小、形状和颜色)和种子(种子和胚胎形状、大小和内部空间体积)的形态特征进行了表征和比较。这三个物种在种皮颜色和外观以及种子形态(即,十字形卵圆形种子和长球形胚)上具有质的相似性。所有种的种子都很小(耳蜗长210µm, lasioglosa长230µm, virginalis长260µm),胚按比例大(耳蜗长140µm, lasioglosa长120µm, virginalis长150µm),内部空气空间体积占种子的不到一半(耳蜗长17%,lasioglosa长42%,virginalis长30%)。这一发现与之前对其他附生兰花物种的报道一致,后者通常比陆生兰花的空气量更低。这些差异可能是与不同习性相关的进化变化的结果,并可能影响种子的传播。我们还发现不同种类的种子形态存在显著差异,但它们在分类、生物学和生态学上的相关性仍有待阐明。需要更多的比较研究,包括与其他不同习性的Lycaste种的比较研究,以探索该属种子形态、分类、生物学和生态学之间的关系,以支持其保护。
Seed Morphology of Three Neotropical Orchid Species of the Lycaste Genus
Neotropical orchids are vulnerable to extinction due to overharvesting, habitat destruction and climate change. However, a basic understanding of orchid seed biology to support conservation efforts is still lacking for most species. Seed morphology is linked to plant adaptation and evolution, influencing seed dispersal, dormancy, longevity, and germination, which are valuable traits for conservation. In this study, we characterized and compared the morphological traits of seed capsules (size, shape, and colour) and seeds (seed and embryo shape and size and internal airspace volume) for three epiphytic Neotropical orchid species of the genus Lycaste native to Guatemala: L. cochleata, L. lasioglossa, and L. virginalis. The three species show qualitative similarities in seed capsule colour and appearance and in seed morphology (i.e., scobiform oval-shaped seeds and prolate-spheroid embryos). All species have small-sized seeds (length of L. cochleata: 210 µm, L. lasioglossa: 230 µm, and L. virginalis: 260 µm), with proportionally large embryos (length of L. cochleata: 140 µm, L. lasioglossa: 120 µm, and L. virginalis: 150 µm) and an internal air-space volume that occupies less than half of the seed (L. cochleata: 17%, L. lasioglossa: 42%, and L. virginalis: 30%). This finding is consistent with previous reports for other epiphytic orchid species, which typically have lower air volumes than terrestrial orchids. These differences are likely a result of evolutionary changes associated with different habits and may influence seed dispersal. We also found some significant differences in seed morphology between the studied species, but their taxonomic, biological, and ecological relevance remain to be elucidated. More comparative studies, including on other Lycaste species with different habits, are needed to explore relationships between seed morphology, taxonomy, biology, and ecology in this genus to support its conservation.