Divalent Metal Ions; Key factor towards Pulmonary Tuberculosis

ABSTRACT   Introduction: In tuberculosis disease infection, trace elements perform a significant role as their insufficiencies may be related to weakened immunity. The purpose of this study was to compare demographic profile and divalent metal Ions in Tuberculosis and Non-Tuberculosis individuals. Methodology: This case control study was carried out on 345 subjects. Patients were grouped into two categories i.e. Pulmonary Tuberculosis (cases group) with 115 patients and without Pulmonary Tuberculosis (control group) with 230 subjects. Demographic and dietary profile was recorded through already designed proforma. 4 to 5 ml sterile gel tube was used to collect blood samples. The samples, which were then centrifuged, and the serum were examined to check the levels of iron and copper. Data was evaluated using SPSS version 25. Results: Male patients are more likely to have TB in comparison of female patient. In comparison of patient with normal serum copper, patient with serum copper below normal are less likely for TB and patient with serum copper above normal are more likely to develop TB. Patient with serum iron below normal are also more likely to develop TB in comparison of patients with normal serum iron. Conclusion: Male patients in productive age groups were commonly affected with tuberculosis. In Tuberculosis patients, we found low serum iron concentrations along with significantly high concentration of serum of copper when compared to healthy controls. Subsequently, low iron concentrations synergistically with increased serum copper levels may increase the human susceptibility to the infection of mycobacterium tuberculosis Keywords: Mycobacterium tuberculosis, Iron, Copper ,BMI,  Nutritional status.