Correlation between serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels and VEP and OCT in patients with primary open-angle glaucoma

Purpose: Primary open-angle glaucoma has been identified as the most common type of glaucoma. Elevated intraocular pressure, advanced age, positive family history, and African ancestry are well-known risk factors for primary open-angle glaucoma. Vitamin D is a known vital contributor to health. Thus, this present study aimed to clarify the neurophysiological role of vitamin D deficiency in primary open-angle glaucoma and to examine the correlation between vitamin D deficiency and the structural changes associated with primary open-angle glaucoma. Patients and Methods: All patients participating in this study underwent the best visual acuity examination. In addition, intraocular pressure, optical coherence tomography, and visual evoked potentials were measured.Results: As per our findings, it was determined that vitamin D negatively correlated with intraocular pressure in patients less than 45 years of age (r-value: −0.803; p-value: 0.002). Vitamin D also negatively correlated with age when optical coherence tomography was >94 μm (r-value: −0.526; p-value: 0.044). Vitamin D negatively correlated with intraocular pressure when visual evoked potential latency was <100 msec (r-value: p-value: 0.036). Conclusion: We can conclude that vitamin D has an ameliorating effect on intraocular pressure when optic nerve conduction velocity is normal, but once optic nerve function deteriorates, the vitamin D effect decreases.