什么是正确的比例?鼓励与生态水力学卓有成效的生态合作

IF 4.6 Q2 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES Journal of ecohydraulics Pub Date : 2018-07-03 DOI:10.1080/24705357.2018.1535260
J. Lancaster
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引用次数: 9

摘要

在生态水力学研究中,物理变量和生物变量都必须在适合于所要解决的问题的尺度上进行采样。这篇文章的重点是生态主题,可能是在生态水力学和尺度适合他们的调查的背景下解决。第一部分讨论尺度的定义,环境异质性如何影响实验和抽样设计,以及认识到物理和生态异质性不一定相关的重要性。因此,适合特定研究问题的尺度应主要由感兴趣的生态现象加上研究生物的产生时间和生活空间来确定。与种群和群落生态学相关的大尺度研究在逻辑上是困难的,而数值模型,而不是尺度物理模型,可能有助于在不同尺度之间对生态现象进行外推。三个例子说明了在不同尺度上进行的互补研究如何共同有助于生态水力学背景下的生态研究问题。有两个例子具有很强的生态学基础(受干扰环境中的种群动态;生态系统工程师),第三种来自解决应用问题的需要(鱼通道)。这些都是生态水力学可以作出重大贡献的热门研究领域。
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What is the right scale? Encouraging fruitful engagement for ecology with ecohydraulics
Abstract In ecohydraulics research, both physical and biological variables must be sampled at scales that are appropriate to the questions being addressed. This essay focuses on ecological topics that may be addressed in the context of ecohydraulics and the scales appropriate for their investigation. The first sections discuss definitions of scale, how environmental heterogeneity influences experimental and sampling designs, and the importance of recognizing that physical and ecological heterogeneity are not necessarily related. Thus, the scales appropriate for a particular research problem should be determined primarily by the ecological phenomenon of interest, plus the generation time and life-space of the study organisms. Studies over the large scales relevant to population and community ecology are logistically difficult and numerical models, but not scaled physical models, may facilitate extrapolations between scales for ecological phenomena. Three examples illustrate how complementary sets of studies executed at different scales can collectively contribute to ecological research problems in an ecohydraulics context. Two examples have strong roots in ecology (population dynamics in disturbed environments; ecosystem engineers) and the third arises from a need to solve applied problems (fish passage). These are topical areas of research to which ecohydraulics could make significant contributions.
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