Packing of Magnesia Monolithic Refractories

Packing behavior of the dry ramming mixes by method with stick penetration were in good agreement with calculations of author's previous report. Also, attempts at removal tendency of intermediate component were not so effective for obtaining a closer packing.It was shown that the q value of closest packing (=qρm) might shift to a lower value when the stick penetration times becames larger, and the qρm could be expressed as hyperbolic function of stick penetration times.Another intensified packing experiment of the dry mixes was shown that the qρm was inversely proportioned to the maximum particle-size, and that a closer packing was obtained as the particle were more spherical in shape.In packing experiment of the wet ramming mixes, the behavior by light ramming was similar to that of dry mixes, however, the packing intensity dependence and the maximum particle-size dependence on the qρm was not so much as that of dry mixes, and the shift of the qρm was lower than that of dry mixes.A different tendency about packing behavior by heavy ramming and press moulding of wet mixes was observed, that the qρm might shift to a higher value as the intensity of packing operation got higher, probably as a result of the crushing and defacement of grains.From these results, it might be concluded that the factors of the degree of packing for magnesia ramming mixes was moisture and binder, particle-shape, mechanical properties of magnesia clinker grain, maximum particle-size or extension of distribution, grading of particle-size, and intensity of packing operation.