栖息对家禽福利和生产的影响

IF 3.9 3区 农林科学 Q1 AGRICULTURE, DAIRY & ANIMAL SCIENCE World's Poultry Science Journal Pub Date : 2023-03-30 DOI:10.3390/poultry2020013
R. Bist, S. Subedi, L. Chai, Prafulla Regmi, C. Ritz, W. Kim, Xiao Yang
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引用次数: 6

摘要

栖息是鸟类的基本自然行为之一。为商业家禽生产提供最佳的栖息设计(如形状、尺寸和材料)对于保持鸟类健康、福利和生产效率至关重要。本文综述了家禽栖地的研究现状,讨论了栖地设计与鸟类福利、生产效率之间的关系。在早期阶段提供栖息地可以确保成年期的最佳利用,减少栖息事故,降低无笼鸡舍地板鸡蛋的风险。因此,CF鸡舍建议每只鸡的栖息空间为15厘米。同样,矩形栖木比圆形栖木更受欢迎,因为矩形栖木为母鸡提供了良好的肌腱锁定机制,以防止滑倒。此外,建议用聚氨酯和橡胶等柔软材料的栖木来增加鸡脚趾的接触面积。栖息行为(PB)促进肌肉皮肤系统,减少脚垫皮炎和病变的发生率。一般来说,提供栖息地可以减少鸟类的攻击性和压力,提高福利和生产效率。就肉鸡而言,研究发现肉鸡在其生命的后期栖息较少,因为它们相对较重,表现出更不活跃的生活方式。研究了鲈鱼表面温度对肉鸡福利的影响。温度较低的栖息地通过缓解热应激和腿部问题,有助于提高表现和福利。总的来说,需要PB来改善鸟类的健康和福利。
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Effects of Perching on Poultry Welfare and Production: A Review
Perching is one of the essential natural behaviors for avian species. Providing an optimal perching design (e.g., shape, dimension, and materials) for commercial poultry production is critical for maintaining bird health, welfare, and production efficiency. This review paper summarized poultry perching studies and discussed the relationship between perch design, bird welfare, and production efficiency. Providing perches at an early stage may ensure optimum use during adulthood, reduce perching accidents, and lower the risk of floor eggs in cage-free (CF) hen houses. Therefore, a perch space of 15 cm per bird is recommended for the CF hen house. Similarly, rectangular perches are preferred to circular perches as the rectangular perch provides hens with an excellent tendon-locking mechanism to prevent slipping. In addition, perches with softer materials such as polyurethane and rubber coverings are recommended to increase the contact surface on the chicken’s toes. Perching behavior (PB) promotes a musculocutaneous system and reduces the incidences of footpad dermatitis and lesions. Generally, providing perching may reduce aggression and stress in birds and improve welfare and production efficiency. In the case of broilers, it is found that the broiler perches less during the latter stage of their lives because they are comparatively heavier and exhibit a more inactive lifestyle. Studies have investigated the effect of the surface temperature of the perch on broilers’ welfare. Perches with lower temperatures help improve performance and welfare by relieving heat stress and leg issues. Overall, PB is required to improve bird health and welfare.
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来源期刊
World's Poultry Science Journal
World's Poultry Science Journal 农林科学-奶制品与动物科学
CiteScore
6.10
自引率
7.40%
发文量
55
审稿时长
12-24 weeks
期刊介绍: World''s Poultry Science Journal is the official publication of the World’s Poultry Science Association. The journal provides authoritative reviews in poultry science and an international forum for the exchange and dissemination of information including research, education and industry organisation. Each issue includes poultry industry-related news, regional reports on global developments in poultry, reports from specialist scientific working groups, book reviews, association news and a calendar of forthcoming events. Coverage includes breeding, nutrition, welfare, husbandry, production systems, processing, product development, physiology, egg and meat quality, industry structure, economics and education. The journal is of interest to academics, researchers, students, extension workers and commercial poultry producers.
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