“避难所”对象001/3处所底部沉积物中铀和放射性核素的形态

IF 0.4 Q4 PHYSICS, NUCLEAR Nuclear Physics and Atomic Energy Pub Date : 2021-12-25 DOI:10.15407/jnpae2021.04.365
O. Odintsov, L. A. Palamar, L. B. Chikur
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引用次数: 0

摘要

介绍了“掩体”物体001/3场址底部沉积物中铀和放射性核素90Sr、137Cs、154Eu、238Pu、239+240Pu、241Am和244Cm的形态测定结果。通过顺序提取程序,确定了以下数量:水溶、交换、碳酸盐和酸溶形式的铀、裂变产物(90Sr、137Cs、154Eu)和超铀元素(238Pu、239+240Pu、241Am、244Cm)在“避难所”物体反应堆室辅助系统-2.60 m标记处001/3的底部沉积物中。001/3室底部沉积物中铀的浓度为3.1±0.5 g/kg。底部沉积物中90Sr、137Cs的比活度在6·108 ~ 1·109 Bq/kg之间,239+240Pu、241Am的比活度在6·105 ~ 8·106 Bq/kg之间。底部沉积物中的放射性核素90Sr、137Cs、154Eu、238Pu、239+240Pu、241Am、244Сm具有不同的化学形式,这将决定它们不同的潜在迁移率。厂房001/3底泥中的铀和137Cs主要以交换形式存在。铀和铯的水溶性含量为1.5% - 3%。90Sr的碱量大于60%,在рН 4.8的弱酸中呈碳酸盐溶解。海底沉积物中超过65%的238Pu和239+240Pu以酸溶态存在。154Eu、241Am和244Cm在底泥中的迁移率远高于钚;在pH值4.8时,超过40%的241Am变为可溶态。海底沉积物中137Cs/90Sr、90Sr/239+240Pu、241Am/239+240Pu和244Cm/239+240Pu的活度之比与“避难所”物体中含燃料材料中放射性核素的类似关系有很大不同。
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Speciation of uranium and radionuclides in the bottom sediments of premises 001/3 of the "Shelter" object
The results of experimental determination of the forms of uranium and radionuclides 90Sr, 137Cs, 154Eu, 238Pu, 239+240Pu, 241Am, and 244Cm in the bottom sediments of the premises 001/3 of the "Shelter" object are presented. By the sequential extraction procedure, the following amounts are determined: water-soluble, exchange, carbonate, and acid-soluble forms of uranium, fission products (90Sr, 137Cs, 154Eu), and transuranium elements (238Pu, 239+240Pu, 241Am, 244Cm) in the bottom sediments in the premises 001/3 on a mark of -2.60 m of auxiliary systems of the reactor compartment of the "Shelter" object. The concentration of uranium in the bottom sediments of room 001/3 is 3.1 ± 0.5 g/kg. Specific activity of 90Sr, 137Cs in the bottom sediments is within the range of 6·108 - 1·109 Bq/kg, and 239+240Pu and 241Am within the range of 6·105 - 8·106 Bq/kg. Radionuclides 90Sr, 137Cs, 154Eu, 238Pu, 239+240Pu, 241Am, 244Сm in the bottom sediments are in different chemical forms that will define their different potential mobility. Uranium and 137Cs in the bottom sediments of premises 001/3 mainly are in exchange forms. The amount of water-soluble forms of uranium and cesium is 1.5 - 3 %. The basic amount of 90Sr, more than 60 %, is carbonate soluble in a weak acid at рН 4.8. More than 65 % of 238Pu and 239+240Pu in the bottom sediments are in acid-soluble forms. The mobility of 154Eu, 241Am and 244Cm in the bottom sediments is much higher than that of plutonium; at pH 4.8 more than 40 % of 241Am go to soluble state. The ratio between the activities of 137Cs/90Sr, 90Sr/239+240Pu, 241Am/239+240Pu, and 244Cm/239+240Pu in the bottom sediments considerably differ from the analogical relations of radionuclides in a fuel containing materials of the "Shelter" object.
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来源期刊
CiteScore
0.70
自引率
33.30%
发文量
10
审稿时长
19 weeks
期刊介绍: The journal Nuclear Physics and Atomic Energy presents the publications on Nuclear Physics, Atomic Energy, Radiation Physics, Radioecology, Engineering and Methods of Experiment. The journal includes peer-reviewed articles which are completed works containing new results of theoretical and experimental researches and are of interest for the scientists, postgraduate students, engineers and for the senior students.
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