{"title":"“避难所”对象001/3处所底部沉积物中铀和放射性核素的形态","authors":"O. Odintsov, L. A. Palamar, L. B. Chikur","doi":"10.15407/jnpae2021.04.365","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"The results of experimental determination of the forms of uranium and radionuclides 90Sr, 137Cs, 154Eu, 238Pu, 239+240Pu, 241Am, and 244Cm in the bottom sediments of the premises 001/3 of the \"Shelter\" object are presented. By the sequential extraction procedure, the following amounts are determined: water-soluble, exchange, carbonate, and acid-soluble forms of uranium, fission products (90Sr, 137Cs, 154Eu), and transuranium elements (238Pu, 239+240Pu, 241Am, 244Cm) in the bottom sediments in the premises 001/3 on a mark of -2.60 m of auxiliary systems of the reactor compartment of the \"Shelter\" object. The concentration of uranium in the bottom sediments of room 001/3 is 3.1 ± 0.5 g/kg. Specific activity of 90Sr, 137Cs in the bottom sediments is within the range of 6·108 - 1·109 Bq/kg, and 239+240Pu and 241Am within the range of 6·105 - 8·106 Bq/kg. Radionuclides 90Sr, 137Cs, 154Eu, 238Pu, 239+240Pu, 241Am, 244Сm in the bottom sediments are in different chemical forms that will define their different potential mobility. Uranium and 137Cs in the bottom sediments of premises 001/3 mainly are in exchange forms. The amount of water-soluble forms of uranium and cesium is 1.5 - 3 %. The basic amount of 90Sr, more than 60 %, is carbonate soluble in a weak acid at рН 4.8. More than 65 % of 238Pu and 239+240Pu in the bottom sediments are in acid-soluble forms. The mobility of 154Eu, 241Am and 244Cm in the bottom sediments is much higher than that of plutonium; at pH 4.8 more than 40 % of 241Am go to soluble state. The ratio between the activities of 137Cs/90Sr, 90Sr/239+240Pu, 241Am/239+240Pu, and 244Cm/239+240Pu in the bottom sediments considerably differ from the analogical relations of radionuclides in a fuel containing materials of the \"Shelter\" object.","PeriodicalId":42588,"journal":{"name":"Nuclear Physics and Atomic Energy","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4000,"publicationDate":"2021-12-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Speciation of uranium and radionuclides in the bottom sediments of premises 001/3 of the \\\"Shelter\\\" object\",\"authors\":\"O. Odintsov, L. A. Palamar, L. B. Chikur\",\"doi\":\"10.15407/jnpae2021.04.365\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"The results of experimental determination of the forms of uranium and radionuclides 90Sr, 137Cs, 154Eu, 238Pu, 239+240Pu, 241Am, and 244Cm in the bottom sediments of the premises 001/3 of the \\\"Shelter\\\" object are presented. By the sequential extraction procedure, the following amounts are determined: water-soluble, exchange, carbonate, and acid-soluble forms of uranium, fission products (90Sr, 137Cs, 154Eu), and transuranium elements (238Pu, 239+240Pu, 241Am, 244Cm) in the bottom sediments in the premises 001/3 on a mark of -2.60 m of auxiliary systems of the reactor compartment of the \\\"Shelter\\\" object. The concentration of uranium in the bottom sediments of room 001/3 is 3.1 ± 0.5 g/kg. Specific activity of 90Sr, 137Cs in the bottom sediments is within the range of 6·108 - 1·109 Bq/kg, and 239+240Pu and 241Am within the range of 6·105 - 8·106 Bq/kg. Radionuclides 90Sr, 137Cs, 154Eu, 238Pu, 239+240Pu, 241Am, 244Сm in the bottom sediments are in different chemical forms that will define their different potential mobility. Uranium and 137Cs in the bottom sediments of premises 001/3 mainly are in exchange forms. The amount of water-soluble forms of uranium and cesium is 1.5 - 3 %. The basic amount of 90Sr, more than 60 %, is carbonate soluble in a weak acid at рН 4.8. More than 65 % of 238Pu and 239+240Pu in the bottom sediments are in acid-soluble forms. The mobility of 154Eu, 241Am and 244Cm in the bottom sediments is much higher than that of plutonium; at pH 4.8 more than 40 % of 241Am go to soluble state. The ratio between the activities of 137Cs/90Sr, 90Sr/239+240Pu, 241Am/239+240Pu, and 244Cm/239+240Pu in the bottom sediments considerably differ from the analogical relations of radionuclides in a fuel containing materials of the \\\"Shelter\\\" object.\",\"PeriodicalId\":42588,\"journal\":{\"name\":\"Nuclear Physics and Atomic Energy\",\"volume\":null,\"pages\":null},\"PeriodicalIF\":0.4000,\"publicationDate\":\"2021-12-25\",\"publicationTypes\":\"Journal Article\",\"fieldsOfStudy\":null,\"isOpenAccess\":false,\"openAccessPdf\":\"\",\"citationCount\":\"0\",\"resultStr\":null,\"platform\":\"Semanticscholar\",\"paperid\":null,\"PeriodicalName\":\"Nuclear Physics and Atomic Energy\",\"FirstCategoryId\":\"1085\",\"ListUrlMain\":\"https://doi.org/10.15407/jnpae2021.04.365\",\"RegionNum\":0,\"RegionCategory\":null,\"ArticlePicture\":[],\"TitleCN\":null,\"AbstractTextCN\":null,\"PMCID\":null,\"EPubDate\":\"\",\"PubModel\":\"\",\"JCR\":\"Q4\",\"JCRName\":\"PHYSICS, NUCLEAR\",\"Score\":null,\"Total\":0}","platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Nuclear Physics and Atomic Energy","FirstCategoryId":"1085","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.15407/jnpae2021.04.365","RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":null,"ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q4","JCRName":"PHYSICS, NUCLEAR","Score":null,"Total":0}
Speciation of uranium and radionuclides in the bottom sediments of premises 001/3 of the "Shelter" object
The results of experimental determination of the forms of uranium and radionuclides 90Sr, 137Cs, 154Eu, 238Pu, 239+240Pu, 241Am, and 244Cm in the bottom sediments of the premises 001/3 of the "Shelter" object are presented. By the sequential extraction procedure, the following amounts are determined: water-soluble, exchange, carbonate, and acid-soluble forms of uranium, fission products (90Sr, 137Cs, 154Eu), and transuranium elements (238Pu, 239+240Pu, 241Am, 244Cm) in the bottom sediments in the premises 001/3 on a mark of -2.60 m of auxiliary systems of the reactor compartment of the "Shelter" object. The concentration of uranium in the bottom sediments of room 001/3 is 3.1 ± 0.5 g/kg. Specific activity of 90Sr, 137Cs in the bottom sediments is within the range of 6·108 - 1·109 Bq/kg, and 239+240Pu and 241Am within the range of 6·105 - 8·106 Bq/kg. Radionuclides 90Sr, 137Cs, 154Eu, 238Pu, 239+240Pu, 241Am, 244Сm in the bottom sediments are in different chemical forms that will define their different potential mobility. Uranium and 137Cs in the bottom sediments of premises 001/3 mainly are in exchange forms. The amount of water-soluble forms of uranium and cesium is 1.5 - 3 %. The basic amount of 90Sr, more than 60 %, is carbonate soluble in a weak acid at рН 4.8. More than 65 % of 238Pu and 239+240Pu in the bottom sediments are in acid-soluble forms. The mobility of 154Eu, 241Am and 244Cm in the bottom sediments is much higher than that of plutonium; at pH 4.8 more than 40 % of 241Am go to soluble state. The ratio between the activities of 137Cs/90Sr, 90Sr/239+240Pu, 241Am/239+240Pu, and 244Cm/239+240Pu in the bottom sediments considerably differ from the analogical relations of radionuclides in a fuel containing materials of the "Shelter" object.
期刊介绍:
The journal Nuclear Physics and Atomic Energy presents the publications on Nuclear Physics, Atomic Energy, Radiation Physics, Radioecology, Engineering and Methods of Experiment. The journal includes peer-reviewed articles which are completed works containing new results of theoretical and experimental researches and are of interest for the scientists, postgraduate students, engineers and for the senior students.