将妇女纳入圣战:伊斯兰国招募宣传中合法化的性别实践

IF 1.6 Q2 POLITICAL SCIENCE Critical Studies on Terrorism Pub Date : 2022-02-18 DOI:10.1080/17539153.2022.2038825
Agnes Termeer, I.G.B.M. Duyvesteyn
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引用次数: 3

摘要

虽然圣战恐怖组织设想一个按照严格的性别角色划分的社会,但他们越来越多地转向女性来追求他们的目标。这对圣战组织来说是一把双刃剑:虽然招募女性增加了激进分子的数量,但他们的父权信仰与女性入伍之间的差异可能会影响到他们的合法性。然而,到目前为止,圣战分子如何在他们对女性的呼吁中解决这一困境却很少受到关注。本文整合了有关招募和合法性的文献,从性别视角来看待ISIS的案例,探讨该组织如何将招募女性与其父权意识形态协调起来。对该组织2015年至2017年出版物的批判性话语分析揭示了ISIS用来证实其招募女性的三种性别叙事。这些叙述将妇女描绘成乌玛的建设者、伊斯兰教的代表和哈里发的守护者。有人认为,在所有的构念中,女性都被赋予了能动性,她们的暴力能动性是随着时间的推移而具体发展起来的。ISIS的合法化尝试让我们了解到,男权恐怖组织招募女性的呼声越来越高,他们有能力将这一行为合理化,并有可能反驳这一趋势。
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The inclusion of women in jihad: gendered practices of legitimation in Islamic State recruitment propaganda
ABSTRACT Although jihadist terrorist organisations envisage a society divided according to strict gender roles, they have increasingly turned to women in pursuit of their goals. This is a double-edged sword for jihadist groups: while recruitment of women increases the pool of activists, the discrepancy between their patriarchal beliefs and women’s enlistment may have implications for their legitimacy. How jihadists address this dilemma in their appeals to women, however, has received little attention to date. Integrating literature on recruitment and legitimacy, this article looks at the case of ISIS from a gender lens to explore how the group reconciled its recruitment of women with its patriarchal ideology. A critical discourse analysis of the group’s publications between 2015 and 2017 reveals three gendered narratives that ISIS has used to substantiate its recruitment of women. These narratives depict women as builders of the Ummah, representatives of Islam, and guardians of the Caliphate. In all constructs, it is argued, women are assigned agency, with their violent agency specifically developing over time. The legitimation attempts of ISIS provide insight into the growing appeal to enlist women by patriarchal terrorist organisations, their ability to rationalise this, and the potentially refutable claims to counter this trend.
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来源期刊
Critical Studies on Terrorism
Critical Studies on Terrorism POLITICAL SCIENCE-
CiteScore
2.60
自引率
41.70%
发文量
62
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