面向大众的精准医疗——公共健康基因组学的希望与炒作

Junbo Wu, Nathaniel Comfort
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引用次数: 0

摘要

公共卫生是最近拥抱“精确”的生物医学科学。"精准公共卫生" (PPH)的倡导者呼吁对公共卫生采取数据驱动的计算方法,利用基因组和其他数据为公共卫生决策提供信息。然而,就像精准医疗一样,PPH可能会夸大基因组数据的价值,以阻止健康结果,但这是在人口层面上。历史表明,过分强调遗传往往会对得不到充分服务的少数民族和弱势群体造成不成比例的伤害。将目前的PPH与进步时代(1890-1920)早期利用遗传学为公共卫生提供信息的尝试进行比较和对比,突出了基因型驱动的预防性公共卫生的一些潜在风险。
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Precision Medicine for the Population—The Hope and Hype of Public Health Genomics
Public health is the most recent of the biomedical sciences to embrace “precision.” Advocates for “precision public health” (PPH) call for a data-driven, computa¬tional approach to public health, leveraging genomic and other data to inform public health decision-making. Yet, like precision medicine, PPH risks overselling the value of genomic data to deter¬mine health outcomes, but on a population level. History has shown that over-emphasizing heredity tends to disproportion¬ately harm underserved minorities and disadvantaged communities. Comparing and contrasting cur¬rent PPH with an earlier attempt at using genetics to inform pub¬lic health during the Progressive era (1890–1920) highlights some potential risks of genotype-driven preventive public health.
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