古西班牙比利牛斯葡萄园的葡萄产量和葡萄酒质量:气候和地理参数的影响

Y. Gogorcena, M. Sánchez-Monfort, M. López‐Vicente
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引用次数: 3

摘要

气候、地理和地理参数影响葡萄酒的品质。在这项研究中,我们评估了气候和沉积物的连通性是否对三个古老(超过100年)的葡萄园(Garnacha Tinta品种)的葡萄产量(GY)和葡萄酒质量产生影响,这些葡萄园使用了修剪系统,并在三个农艺年(2015年10月至2018年9月)进行了管理。三个雨养葡萄园采用修剪系统管理,分别命名为VA(1233株)、VB(1584株)和VS(897株)。它们位于西班牙比利牛斯山脉,属于海洋性地中海气候,土壤类型相同(Haplic Cambisol),土壤被犁过以防止杂草。GY变化范围为380 ~ 2646 kg·ha-1, 0.08 ~ 0.60 kg·株- 1。年产量与年总降雨量呈显著正相关,与生长期气温呈显著负相关。冰冻期和春季强降雨事件分别解释了2017年和2018年观测到的较低的GY。我们观察到2018年的GY (kg·ha-1)与葡萄酒的pH (r = 0.992)、可滴定酸度(r = -0.862)、苹果酸(r = 0.979)和钾(r = 0.998)等参数具有良好的相关性。利用高空间分辨率(1 m单元大小)的聚集连通性指数(AIC)估算了每个农田(及其上坡流域)的年径流和沉积物连通性。VB的连通性最低,VA和VS的连通性分别为中等和高。AIC与GY呈极好的负相关(kg·ha-1, r = -0.955;kg·vine-1, r = -0.972)。更高的连通性-强烈的陆地流动力-有利于较低的产量。结果表明,气候参数主要解释了年代率的时间变化,而在相同气候条件下,不同的陆地流连通性对年代率的空间变化有明显影响。
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Grapevine yield and wine quality in ancient Spanish Pyrenean vineyards: influence of climatic and physiographic parameters
Climate, edaphic, and physiographic parameters influence wine quality. In this study, we evaluated if climate and sediment connectivity had an effect on the grapevine yield (GY) and wine quality of three ancient (more than 100 years old) vineyards, with 'Garnacha Tinta' variety, managed using the head-pruned system, and during three agronomic years (October 2015 - September 2018). The three rain-fed vineyards are managed using the head-pruned system and named VA (1233 vines), VB (1584 vines) and VS (897 vines). They are located in the Spanish Pyrenees, with oceanic Mediterranean climate, have the same soil type (Haplic Cambisol) and the soil is ploughed to prevent weeds. GY ranged from 380 to 2646 kg·ha–1, and from 0.08 to 0.60 kg·vine–1. The annual production significantly correlated with the total annual rainfall (positive), and with the air temperature during the growing period (negative). A frozen spell and intense rainfall events in spring explained the lower GY observed in 2017 and 2018, respectively. We observed a good correlation between GY (kg·ha-1) in 2018 and wine parameters such as, pH (r = 0.992), titratable acidity (r = -0.862), malic acid (r = 0.979), and potassium (r = 0.998). Annual runoff and sediment connectivity was estimated at each field (and its upslope drainage area) using the aggregated index of connectivity (AIC) at high spatial resolution (1 m of cell size). The lowest connectivity was found in VB, whereas VA and VS presented moderate and high values of connectivity, respectively. AIC correlated very well and negatively with GY (kg·ha-1, r = -0.955; and kg·vine-1, r = -0.972). Higher connectivity - intense overland flow dynamic - favoured lower yield. We concluded that the climate parameters mainly explained the temporal changes of GY, whereas distinct overland flow connectivity clearly influenced the spatial variations of GY under the same climatic conditions.
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