南加里曼丹泥炭沼泽林白杨管理与木材贸易体系分析

Y. Arifin, S. Hamidah, Y. Arifin
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引用次数: 5

摘要

到目前为止,印度尼西亚用于支持住房和其他基础设施建设的木材原料,特别是桉树(千层木)越来越多。在婆罗洲岛上,部分由沼泽组成,需要非常大且连续的Gelam,特别是用于住宅开发。然而,该植物栖息地的泥炭沼泽森林面积逐年退化和萎缩。这种情况对Gelam的人口影响很大,而管理和木材贸易系统没有得到很好的规范。本研究旨在分析Gelam的管理和木材贸易系统,特别是在南加里曼丹,为保护Gelam的保单持有人提供投入。该方法采用实地调查和访谈的方式对贸易商和保单持有人进行相关法规的调查。结果表明,葛兰在南加里曼丹的效价仅为2、9 ~ 7、1 m3/ha,且呈逐年下降趋势。通常为直径30厘米的胶质。这些尺寸不应该被切割,因为30厘米可以用作种子源。Gelam源自泥炭沼泽森林,主要来自巴托拉地区,也有一些来自加里曼丹中部的卡普亚斯地区。Gelam的分发是开始采集者在森林中伐木,然后卖给小采集者,在大采集者旁边,分发到南加里曼丹的所有地区/城市,木材加工业,其中一些被送到爪哇。Gelam的造林系统采用选择性采伐。木材大小按直径分类分为3-4cm、5-6cm、7-8cm、9-10cm、11-12cm、13-14cm、15-19cm和> 20cm至4m长。它的用途包括小直径(3-10厘米)用于铸造建筑和柴火,大直径(10-20厘米)用于在沼泽地区建造房屋,废物以及弯曲变形的茎用作柴火。到目前为止,如果管理得当,Gelam已成为企业界和地方政府收入的潜在来源。然而,由于南加里曼丹的管理和行政规则并不顺利,从而威胁到可持续性,特别是随着泥炭地越来越多地被转化为棕榈油种植园。
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The Analysis of Management and Timber Trade System of Gelam (Melaleuca cajuputi) From Peat Swamp Forest in South Kalimantan
Until now the raw material of wood especially Gelam ( Melaleuca cajuputi ) available for supporting the construction of housing and other infrastructures is increasingly large in Indonesia. On the Island of Borneo that partly consists of swamps needs Gelam very large and continuous, particularly for residential development. However, areas of peat swamp forest habitat of this plant from year to year are degradation and shrinkage. This situation is a very big influence on the population of Gelam, while the management and timber trade systems are not well regulated. This study aims to analyze the management and timber trade systems of Gelam particularly in South Kalimantan to provide input to the policy holder in the preservation of Gelam. The method was used a field survey and interviews with traders and policy holders related regulations. The results showed in South Kalimantan the potency of Gelam is only 2,9-7,1 m3/ha and decreasing yearly. Normally Gelam with a diameter 30 cm. These dimensions should not be cut because of 30 cm can be used as seed sources. Gelam derived from peat swamp forest, which mostly comes from the Batola District and some came from Kapuas District of Central Kalimantan. Distributions of Gelam were starting gatherers logging in the forest then sold to small gatherers, next to the large gatherers and distributed to all districts/cities in South Kalimantan, wood processing industries, and some of them were sent to Java. The silviculture system of Gelam was using selective cutting. Classification of wood sizes traded by the diameter divided into 3-4cm, 5-6cm, 7-8cm, 9-10cm, 11-12cm, 13-14cm, 15-19cm and > 20cm to 4m long. Its use consists of a small diameter (3-10cm) for foundry building and firewood, while the large diameter (10-20cm) for the construction of houses in swampy areas, and waste as well as the stems are bent and deformed used for firewood. Until now Gelam becomes into the business community and potential sources of local government revenue if managed properly. However, due to the rules of management and administration in South Kalimantan was not going well, thus threatening the sustainability especially with the growing extent of peat lands being converted into palm oil plantations.
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