犹他州公立小学的环境不公、树冠覆盖率和学业水平。

IF 1.7 Q3 ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES Environmental Justice Pub Date : 2024-02-01 Epub Date: 2022-12-23 DOI:10.1089/env.2021.0113
Sara E Grineski, Angel Griego, Casey Mullen, Timothy W Collins, Shawna Nadybal, Aparna Mangadu
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引用次数: 0

摘要

背景:树冠覆盖率对儿童的身心健康有益,但学校附近树冠覆盖率的分布环境不公平问题却很少得到调查。一些证据表明,树冠覆盖率对学校一级的儿童学业水平综合指标有积极影响。至于树冠覆盖是否会缓和颗粒物对学业水平的负面影响,目前还缺乏研究:我们将国家教育统计中心、犹他州学生成长与卓越评估、国家土地覆盖数据库和美国环境保护署提供的学校数据联系起来。我们使用考虑了非正态分布数据和聚类的广义估计方程来分析2015至2016学年的数据:结果:学校的社会不利条件越严重(符合免费/减价膳食条件的学生比例越高,种族/少数民族学生比例越高),学校周围 1000 米和 500 米范围内的树冠覆盖率就越低。1000 米和 500 米范围内更大的树冠覆盖率与年终数学和语言艺术考试成绩低于良好水平的学生比例较低有明显关系。细颗粒物峰值天数越多,数学成绩不及格的学生比例越高:讨论:犹他州社会处境不利的小学周围的树冠覆盖较少。树冠覆盖对数学和语言艺术的学业水平有保护作用:结论:研究结果表明,应在社会处境不利的学校开展精心设计的植树活动,并测试植树干预措施和学业水平的变化。
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Environmental Injustice, Tree Canopy Cover, and Academic Proficiency at Utah Public Primary Schools.

Background: Tree canopy cover has mental and physical health benefits for children, yet distributional environmental injustices in tree canopy cover near schools are rarely investigated. Some evidence suggests that tree canopy coverage positively influences aggregated school-level children's academic proficiency metrics. There is a lack of research if canopy cover moderates the negative effect of particulate matter on academic proficiency.

Methods: We linked data on schools from the National Center for Education Statistics, Utah's Student Assessment of Growth and Excellence, the National Land Cover Database, and the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. We used generalized estimating equations, which account for non-normally distributed data and clustering, to analyze data from the 2015 to 2016 school year.

Results: Greater school social disadvantage (higher percentages of students qualifying for free/reduced price meals and higher percentages of racial/ethnic minority students) was significantly associated with reductions in tree canopy cover within 1000 m and 500 m of the school. Greater tree canopy coverage at 1000 m and 500 m was significantly associated with a lower percentage of students testing below proficient on year-end math and language arts exams. Additional days of peak fine particulate matter were associated with higher percentages of students testing below proficient in math.

Discussion: Socially disadvantaged primary schools in Utah were surrounded by less canopy cover. There was a protective effect of tree canopy cover on academic proficiency in math and language arts.

Conclusion: Findings suggest targeting carefully designed tree planting efforts at socially disadvantaged schools and testing interventions involving tree planting and changes in academic proficiency.

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来源期刊
Environmental Justice
Environmental Justice ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES-
CiteScore
3.20
自引率
5.00%
发文量
61
期刊介绍: Environmental Justice, a quarterly peer-reviewed journal, is the central forum for the research, debate, and discussion of the equitable treatment and involvement of all people, especially minority and low-income populations, with respect to the development, implementation, and enforcement of environmental laws, regulations, and policies. The Journal explores the adverse and disparate environmental burden impacting marginalized populations and communities all over the world. Environmental Justice draws upon the expertise and perspectives of all parties involved in environmental justice struggles: communities, industry, academia, government, and nonprofit organizations.
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