MODERN ASPECTS OF THE ETIOLOGY, PATHOGENESIS, DIAGNOSIS AND TREATMENT OF HYPERSENSITIVITY OF HARD DENTAL TISSUE

A large number of patients turn to the dentist with increased sensitivity of teeth. A significant number of researchers worked on this problem, however, hyperesthesia of teeth still belongs to the pathologies that are the least successfully treatable. Etiological factors that cause sensitivity of hard tissues of teeth are very numerous, they can be divided into General and local. A special role in the development of hyperesthesia is given to non-carious lesions of hard tissues of the teeth, as well as caries and periodontal diseases. Along with the interest in studying the causes of hypersensitivity of the teeth, new methods of diagnosis of this pathology were improved and appeared. Undoubtedly, a huge interest of researchers is the search for the most effective methods of treatment of hypersensitivity of dental tissues. The Arsenal of tools for the treatment of this pathology is increasing, however, one of the most common methods of treatment is the local impact on the tooth. According to modern concepts, the treatment of hypersensitivity of teeth can be carried out in two directions: desensitization of nerve fibers and obturation of dentine tubules. This article presents an analysis of publications covering the problem of epidemiology, etiology, pathogenesis, diagnosis and treatment of hypersensitivity of hard dental tissues to update the problem of developing effective methods and means of etiopathogenetic treatment of this pathology.