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摘要

点亮了重塑“跨国癌症研究伙伴关系带来的资源和肿瘤技术,以满足乌干达癌症患者及其护理人员的需求”所必需的创造力和独创性(第9页)。这就是她所说的肿瘤学非洲化。从概念上讲,米卡使用了“实验基础设施”一词来描述物理设施、研究问题、护理实践、数据收集程序和人力劳动,这些都使乌干达癌症研究所的研究和护理工作在日常基础上发挥作用。这种对实验基础设施及其偶然的社会物质实践的框架和近距离分析,对于理解乌干达医生、护士、社区卫生工作者和研究人员日常工作中所特有的有限可能性空间非常重要。如果“研究是我们的资源”,正如UCI的口号所言(第9页),那么对于一个重视某些实验基础设施而不是其他基础设施的全球健康政治经济,这说明了什么?这个案例提出了一个更普遍的问题:在一个被极端不平等撕裂的世界里,全球公共卫生和生物医学知识是如何构建和传播的?是什么安排使得诸如UCI这样的异常医疗服务实践(新示范项目的建设和维护、卓越中心、特殊案例等)能够作为“认知枢纽”2,将当地经验转化为证据,并将证据转化为地方(或全球)以外的理由和对医疗服务物质再分配的要求?像这样的历史深度和地理范围更广的案例研究是社会科学研究的重要场所。它们是象征斗争和物质斗争这一更广泛领域的诊断,可以阐明当代全球卫生非殖民化的努力。
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Marissa Mika, Africanizing Oncology: creativity, crisis, and cancer in Uganda. Athens OH: Ohio University Press (hb US$80 – 978 0 8214 2465 0; pb US$34.95 – 978 0 8214 2509 1). 2021, 260 pp.
lights the creativity and ingenuity necessary to refashion ‘the resources and oncological technologies brought through transnational cancer research partnerships to meet the needs of Ugandan cancer patients and their caretakers’ (p. 9). This is what she means by Africanizing Oncology. Conceptually, Mika deploys the term ‘experimental infrastructure’ ‘to describe the constellation of physical facilities, research questions, care practices, data collection procedures, and human labor that makes research and care function on a day-to-day basis at the Uganda Cancer Institute’ (p. 10). This framing and up-close analysis of experimental infrastructures, along with their contingent socio-material practices, are important for understanding the space of constrained possibility that characterizes the day-to-day work of Ugandan physicians, nurses, community health workers and researchers. If ‘research is our resource’, as the UCI slogan goes (p. 9), what does this say about a global health political economy that values certain experimental infrastructures over others? This case opens a more general question: how does global public health and biomedical knowledge get constructed and travel in a world riven by extreme inequality? What are the arrangements that enable anomalous healthcare delivery practices (the construction and maintenance of novel demonstration programmes, centres of excellence, extraordinary case examples, etc.) such as the UCI to serve as ‘epistemic hinges’2 capable of translating local experience into evidence, and evidence into extra-local (or global) justifications and demands for material redistribution for care delivery? More historically deep and geographically broad case studies like this one are important sites of social-scientific research. They are diagnostic of a broader field of symbolic and material struggle and can shed light on contemporary efforts to decolonize global health.
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