性别教育对女性创业的影响:为繁荣的新尼日利亚打破玻璃天花板

Grace A.T. Scent, Christian Chima Chukwu, Obuzor Mezewo Emerinwe
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摘要

对妇女来说,性别教育和创业已经成为世界范围内的现象,特别是在父权制社会中,对妇女的各种歧视和压迫是当代令人恐惧的现实。因此,受教育程度低、社会规范和缺乏获得免费信贷的机会,拖累了女性的创业精神。正是在这种背景下,本文考察了性别教育对尼日利亚埃努古州埃努古市女性创业的影响。采用问卷调查设计,采用简单随机抽样技术抽取300名受访者。在这些受访者中,只有280份(90.33%)结构化问卷被退回,并使用定量和定性方法进行分析。受访者的分布显示,女性企业家210人(75%),男性企业家70人(25%)。在调查结果中,绝大多数答复者认为,女企业家对埃努古州乃至尼日利亚的社会经济改革都很重要。其次,研究一致认为,几乎没有一个社会不存在性别刻板印象,但性别信仰体系中这些反对女性企业家发展的方面已经被性别教育的力量所取代。此外,研究表明,性别教育是保障和支持女企业家在尼日利亚继续扩大创业的最可行和最可靠的手段。第三,这项研究提出了妇女不顾一切困难作出巨大努力的不同情况,因为她们的贡献是显著的,尽管她们在寻求改变父权制伊博社会,特别是埃努古州时面临挑战。基于此,本研究得出结论,女性企业家对尼日利亚创业发展的贡献不可低估
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The impacts of gender education on female entreprenuership: Breaking the glass ceilings for a prosperous new Nigeria
Gender education and entrepreneurship have become worldwide phenomena for women, particularly in patriarchy societies where all kinds of discriminations, subjugation against them are frightening realities of contemporary times. As a result, female entrepreneurship has been weighed down by poor education, social norms, and lack of access to free credit facilities. It is in this context that this paper examines the impacts of gender education on female entrepreneurship in Enugu urban, Enugu state, Nigeria. A survey design was employed and 300 respondents were selected using the simple random sampling technique. Out of this number of respondents, only 280 (90.33%) structured questionnaire were returned and analyzed using both quantitative and qualitative methods. The distribution of the respondents showed 210 (75%) were female entrepreneurs, while 70 respondents (25%) were male entrepreneurs. Among the findings, an overwhelming majority of the respondents are of the view that the female entrepreneurs are important for the socio-economic transformation of the Enugu State, and by extension, Nigeria. Secondly, the study agrees that there is hardly a society where gender stereotypes do not exist but that these aspects of the gender belief system which are antifemale entrepreneurs’ development have been over taken by the power of gender education. In addition, the study shows that gender education is the most viable and veritable vehicle for guaranteeing and sustaining female entrepreneurs to continue to expand entrepreneurship in Nigeria. Thirdly, this study has presented a different picture of women making some tremendous efforts in spite of all odds cannot be underestimated because their contributions have been remarkable despite the challenges they face in their quest to transform the patriarchal Igbo society, especially Enugu State. Based on this, the study concludes that the contributions of female entrepreneurs in Nigeria’s entrepreneurship development cannot be underestimated Received
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