THE OTHER SIDES OF PESANTREN: MAGICAL PRACTICES AROUND PESANTREN IN BANTEN

This research discusses practices of the magical culture in pesantren in Banten. The research model used in this study is qualitative-descriptive. Historical studies are used to present a narrative and chronological presentation of the storyline of a discussion. Pesantren in Banten has distinct characteristics compared to other pesantren in Indonesia. Most people believe that Banten is a Province in Indonesia that is famous for its ulama, kyai, santri, and pesantren. Those stereotypes and beliefs arise because Islamic values have been rooted strongly in most Banten citizens traditionally, culturally, and ritually. One of the characteristics of pesantren in Banten is that every santri is taught magic, silat (martial art), and tasawuf knowledge. Those characteristics have always been a matter of discussion because people believe that there are practices of magic in every pesantren in Banten. Some sources mention Banten as a center for the occult sciences, as well as known as a religious region. Magical practice is still considered important for the people of Banten, especially those living in rural areas to solve practical problems in their social life. In addition, the existence of jawara (warrior) and pesantren has created its own culture that is different from the dominant culture of Banten society.