歧视与支持对拉丁裔青少年发展能力的影响

Laura M. Gonzalez, G. Stein, Lisa Kiang, Alexandra M. Cupito
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引用次数: 50

摘要

歧视被认为是少数民族青年的环境风险因素,但在相同的环境中提供的社会支持可能会抵消风险或鼓励适应性反应。根据儿童发展的综合模型(Garcia Coll et al., 1996),在种族主义和歧视存在的情况下,学校、家庭和社区环境中的经历可以促进认知、社会和情感能力的发展。目前的研究评估了在学校环境中对歧视和支持的感知如何影响拉丁裔青年的学校归属感、大学自我效能感和抑郁症状(N = 179)。我们区分了同伴和非父母的成年人作为歧视和支持的来源。总体而言,同伴支持与所有三个结果都相关,表明同伴是一种积极的资源。成人支持仅在学校归属模型中有显著意义。研究结果支持同伴支持对同伴歧视有有限的调节作用,但仅对抑郁症状结果有调节作用。为心理健康从业者提供了启示和建议。
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The Impact of Discrimination and Support on Developmental Competencies in Latino Adolescents
Discrimination is considered a contextual risk factor for ethnic minority youth, but social support provided in the same context may function to offset the risk or encourage adaptive responses. Per the integrative model of child development (Garcia Coll et al., 1996), experiences in the school, familial, and community settings can foster the development of cognitive, social, and emotional competencies in the presence of racism and discrimination. The current study evaluated how perceptions of discrimination and support in the school setting influenced school belonging, college-going self-efficacy, and depressive symptoms in a sample of Latino youth (N = 179). We distinguished between peers and nonparental adults as the sources of discrimination and support. Overall, peer support was associated with all three outcomes, suggesting peers as a positive resource. Adult support was only significant in the school belonging model. Findings supported a limited moderating role for peer support on peer discrimination, but only for the depressive symptoms outcome. Implications and suggestions for mental health practitioners are offered.
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