在俄罗斯北极地区工作的俄罗斯EMERCOM操作人员肠道微生物群的评估

I. Shantyr, G. G. Rodionov, M. Sannikov, E. V. Svetkina, E. Kolobova
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A study group included 94 firefighters and rescuers of the Russian EMERCOM working in the Arctic zone of Russia and was divided into subgroups depending on relevant work experience (0–5 years, 6–10 years, 11 years and more), as well as on age (22–35 years and 36–56 years). A control group included 98 rescue workers from the North-West regional search and rescue team and employees of the territorial fire departments of St. Petersburg (males aged 32.1 ± 0.5 years). Quantity and composition of the parietal intestinal microbiota were assessed based on microbial markers in the blood plasma using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry.Results and Discussion. Negative changes in the quantity and structure of the parietal intestinal microbiota were revealed in operational staff of the Russian EMERCOM working in the Arctic zone of Russia as compared with the control group: the total number of microbial markers was reduced by 34 %, beneficial flora – by 44 %, opportunistic flora – by 10 %, aerobes – by 25 %, anaerobes – by 32 %. In the structure of beneficial microflora, the proportion of Lactobacillus was 1.5 times greater and the proportion of Bifidobacterium was 3 times fewer. The most pronounced changes in the intestinal microbiota with increase of work experience were found in rescuer workers (a decrease in opportunistic flora and aerobes, an increase in the ratio of anaerobic to aerobic flora). According to the Kruskal–Wallace test, the amount of microbial markers of Bifidobacterium, Propionibacterium/Cl. 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引用次数: 0

摘要

的相关性。俄罗斯EMERCOM业务人员在北极地区的专业活动与身体的适应性变化有关,导致所有类型的新陈代谢发生变化,出现功能异常,如果没有适当的纠正,就会发生各种疾病。“微生物-肠-脑”轴很好地描述了人类与微生物群之间代谢相互作用的复杂系统,其中包括内分泌、免疫和神经体液途径。人类该轴功能障碍可能参与多种疾病和躯体精神神经障碍的发病机制。目的是研究在北极地区恶劣条件下工作的俄罗斯EMERCOM操作人员的肠道微生物群特征。研究小组包括94名在俄罗斯北极地区工作的俄罗斯EMERCOM消防员和救援人员,根据相关工作经验(0-5年,6-10年,11年及以上)和年龄(22-35岁和36-56岁)分为小组。对照组为来自西北地区搜救队的98名救援人员和圣彼得堡地区消防部门的员工(男性,年龄32.1±0.5岁)。采用气相色谱-质谱联用技术,根据血浆中的微生物标记物评估肠道壁菌群的数量和组成。结果和讨论。与对照组相比,在俄罗斯北极地区工作的俄罗斯EMERCOM操作人员的肠壁微生物群的数量和结构发生了负面变化:微生物标记总数减少了34%,有益菌群减少了44%,机会菌群减少了10%,需氧菌减少了25%,厌氧菌减少了32%。在有益菌群结构中,乳酸菌的比例大1.5倍,双歧杆菌的比例小3倍。随着工作经验的增加,肠道微生物群的变化最明显的是救援人员(机会菌群和需氧菌群减少,厌氧与需氧菌群的比例增加)。根据Kruskal-Wallace试验,双歧杆菌、丙酸杆菌/Cl的微生物标记量。亚终菌群、需氧菌群、内毒素以及厌氧与好氧菌群的比例取决于在俄罗斯北极地区工作的俄罗斯EMERCOM操作人员的工作经验。在北极地区工作的俄罗斯EMERCOM操作人员的生态和职业压力扰乱了各种内源性微生物群的营养作用及其与人体的调节关系,从而导致微生物群组成的定量和定性变化。
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Evaluation of the intestinal microbiota in operational staff of the Russian EMERCOM working in the Arctic zone of Russia
Relevance. Professional activity of operational staff of the Russian EMERCOM in the Arctic zone is associated with adaptive changes in the body resulting in changes in all types of metabolism, appearance of functional abnormalities and, without proper correction, development of various diseases. The complex system of metabolic interaction between humans and the microbiota is well described by the “microbiota-gut-brain” axis, which includes endocrine, immune, and neurohumoral pathways. Dysfunction of this axis in humans may be involved in pathogenesis of various diseases and somatic psychoneurological disorders.Intention is to study features of the intestinal microbiota in operational staff of the Russian EMERCOM working in the adverse conditions of the Arctic zone.Methodology. A study group included 94 firefighters and rescuers of the Russian EMERCOM working in the Arctic zone of Russia and was divided into subgroups depending on relevant work experience (0–5 years, 6–10 years, 11 years and more), as well as on age (22–35 years and 36–56 years). A control group included 98 rescue workers from the North-West regional search and rescue team and employees of the territorial fire departments of St. Petersburg (males aged 32.1 ± 0.5 years). Quantity and composition of the parietal intestinal microbiota were assessed based on microbial markers in the blood plasma using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry.Results and Discussion. Negative changes in the quantity and structure of the parietal intestinal microbiota were revealed in operational staff of the Russian EMERCOM working in the Arctic zone of Russia as compared with the control group: the total number of microbial markers was reduced by 34 %, beneficial flora – by 44 %, opportunistic flora – by 10 %, aerobes – by 25 %, anaerobes – by 32 %. In the structure of beneficial microflora, the proportion of Lactobacillus was 1.5 times greater and the proportion of Bifidobacterium was 3 times fewer. The most pronounced changes in the intestinal microbiota with increase of work experience were found in rescuer workers (a decrease in opportunistic flora and aerobes, an increase in the ratio of anaerobic to aerobic flora). According to the Kruskal–Wallace test, the amount of microbial markers of Bifidobacterium, Propionibacterium/Cl. Subterminale, aerobes, endotoxin, as well as the ratio of anaerobic to aerobic flora depends on the work experience of operational staff of the Russian EMERCOM working in the Arctic zone of Russia.Conclusion. Ecological and professional stress in operational staff of the Russian EMERCOM working in the Arctic zone disturbs trophism of various types of endogenous microflora and its regulatory relationships with the human body and, hence, results in quantitative and qualitative changes in the composition of the microflora.
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