选择的土壤化学性质受种植制度、氮肥和地点的影响

E. Sebetha, A. Modi, L. Owoeye
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摘要

提高土壤化学性质的种植制度类型非常复杂,玉米土壤化学性质之间的相互关系需要解决。以此为基础,研究了不同种植制度、不同位置、不同施氮量对土壤化学性质的影响。2011/12和2012/13种植季采用完全区组设计随机2个重复析因试验。试验包括单作豇豆、单作玉米、轮作玉米、轮作豇豆和玉米-豇豆间作5种管理制度。0和95的量;0和92;玉米地块施氮量为0和113.5 kg hm -1,施氮量为0和20;0和17;在Potchefstroom、Rustenburg和Taung的豇豆地块上分别施用0和23.5 kg N ha-1。单作和轮作豇豆田土壤N-NO3、N-NH4、Bray 1-P和交换性钾含量显著高于其他耕作方式(P < 0.05)。单作和间作玉米田土壤Bray 1-P含量显著(P < 0.05)高于其他耕作方式。地点对土壤1-磷、N-NO3和交换态钾的影响显著(P < 0.05),表明耕作制度和地点对土壤化学性质起关键作用。
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Selected soil chemical properties as affected by cropping system, nitrogen fertilizer and locations
The type of cropping system that increase the soil chemical properties is very complex and the correlation between soil chemical properties on maize need to be addressed. In this way, the study was conducted to investigate the effect of cropping system, location and nitrogen fertilizer on soil chemical properties. A factorial experiment randomized in complete block design with two replications was conducted during 2011/12 and 2012/13 planting seasons. The experiment consisted of five management systems, namely, mono cropping cowpea, Mono cropping maize, rotational maize, rotational cowpea and intercropping maize-cowpea. The amount of 0 and 95; 0 and 92; 0 and 113.5 kg N ha-1 were applied on maize plots, while the amount of 0 and 20; 0 and 17; 0 and 23.5 kg N ha-1 were applied on cowpea plots at Potchefstroom, Rustenburg and Taung respectively. The laboratory analysis involved soil NNO3, N-NH4, Bray 1-P and exchangeable K. Soil collected from cowpea plots planted on mono cropping and rotational systems had significantly (P < 0.05) higher soil N-NO3 than soil collected at other cropping systems. Soil collected at maize plot planted on mono cropping and intercropping systems had significantly (P < 0.05) higher Bray 1-P than soil collected on other cropping systems. Location had significant (P < 0.05) effect on Bray 1-P, N-NO3 and exchangeable K. It was revealed that cropping system and location play a pivotal role on soil chemical properties.
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