This study was conducted at Gezira scheme - Sudan during the period from 2009 to 2010 in a heavy clay soil to investigate the effect of management practices on water use efficiency for the different crops irrigated in Gezira scheme. The data was collected from the scheme Administration. The study was organized by using T-Test. Cropwat4 Windows was used to calculate crop water requirements (CWR) and the net irrigation requirements (NIR). The results showed that, Water use efficiency significantly (P ⤠0.05) affected by the different management practices. Sorghum gave the highest mean value (0.48) of economic water use efficiency as compared to cotton which ranked the least (0.19). Technical water use efficiency for Sorghum and groundnut recorded the highest means values (0.34 and 0.30 kg/m3) while cotton gave the lowest (0.07 kg/m3). Wheat gave the highest mean values (0.87) of Hydraulic water use efficiency as compared to sorghum which ranked the least (0.59). It can be concluded that, proper technical guidelines for irrigation network management, operation and scheduling should be developed and followed.
{"title":"Effect of management practices on water use efficiency of Gezira irrigated scheme – Sudan","authors":"A. Adam, A. W. Elamin, Amn Hamid","doi":"10.14303/IRJAS.2017.058","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14303/IRJAS.2017.058","url":null,"abstract":"This study was conducted at Gezira scheme - Sudan during the period from 2009 to 2010 in a heavy clay soil to investigate the effect of management practices on water use efficiency for the different crops irrigated in Gezira scheme. The data was collected from the scheme Administration. The study was organized by using T-Test. Cropwat4 Windows was used to calculate crop water requirements (CWR) and the net irrigation requirements (NIR). The results showed that, Water use efficiency significantly (P ⤠0.05) affected by the different management practices. Sorghum gave the highest mean value (0.48) of economic water use efficiency as compared to cotton which ranked the least (0.19). Technical water use efficiency for Sorghum and groundnut recorded the highest means values (0.34 and 0.30 kg/m3) while cotton gave the lowest (0.07 kg/m3). Wheat gave the highest mean values (0.87) of Hydraulic water use efficiency as compared to sorghum which ranked the least (0.59). It can be concluded that, proper technical guidelines for irrigation network management, operation and scheduling should be developed and followed.","PeriodicalId":14478,"journal":{"name":"International Research Journal of Agricultural Science and soil Science","volume":"898 1","pages":"40-45"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90375104","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Phosphorus (P) sorption influences P requirement of Nigerian soils. Four Inceptisols in Benue state were therefore used to examine the influence of soil properties on sorption indices and yield of soybean. Soil inorganic P was fractionated using standard procedures. Sorption characteristics were determined in 0.01 M CaCl2 solutions of various P concentrations. For each soil, the amounts of P that gave 0.025, 0.05, 0.075, 0.100, 0.125, 0.150, 0.175, 0.200, 0.225, 0.250 mg/kg solution concentration and the buffering capacity were estimated from adsorption curves. In the greenhouse, 4 kg of soil from each location was placed in plastic pots. Amount of P estimated from sorption study was added as KH2PO4. The treatments were laid out in Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) and soybean seed variety (TGx 1448-2E) was planted and observed to maturity. At harvest, the shoot was dried, weighed, milled and digested in a 4:1 HNO3:HClO4 mixture and analyzed for P. Optimum solution P concentration (SPC) was determined for each soil in relation to yield. The P adsorption capacities (K) of the soils related significantly to P in biomass (r=0.661). High grain yield (t/ha) was obtained at 0.025 mg P/kg SPC in Abeda-Mbadyul (8.5) and Otobi-Akpa (12.5) while 5.4 t/ha was obtained in Tor-donga and 4.1 t/hain Odobaat 0.10 mg P/kg SPC in the green house experiment. Slightly higher grain yield was obtained at Otobi (6.4t/ha) in the field trial than the estimated SPC values. Buffering capacities of soils varied and related significantly with seed weight (r= 0.605) and P in biomass (r=-0.667). Consequently, Odoba would require highest P fertilizer application (604.84 Kg P/ha), Tor-Donga (112.31), Abeda-Mbadyul (105.93) and Otobi (33.18)
磷吸附影响尼日利亚土壤对磷的需要量。以贝努埃州4个不同土壤为研究对象，考察了土壤性质对大豆吸附指标和产量的影响。采用标准方法对土壤无机磷进行分馏。测定了在0.01 M不同磷浓度CaCl2溶液中的吸附特性。通过吸附曲线估算出各土壤在0.025、0.05、0.075、0.100、0.125、0.150、0.175、0.200、0.225、0.250 mg/kg溶液浓度下的磷含量和缓冲能力。在温室里，每个地点的4公斤土壤被放入塑料盆里。用KH2PO4加入吸附量估算的P。采用随机完全区设计(RCBD)处理，种植大豆品种TGx 1448-2E，观察其成熟。收获时，将嫩枝干燥、称重、碾磨，并在4:1 HNO3:HClO4混合物中消化，分析磷含量，确定每种土壤的最佳溶液磷浓度(SPC)与产量的关系。土壤对磷的吸附量(K)与生物量中磷含量呈显著相关(r=0.661)。在温室试验中，Abeda-Mbadyul(8.5)和Otobi-Akpa(12.5)在0.025 mg P/kg SPC条件下获得高产(t/ha)， Tor-donga和Odobaat (0.10 mg P/kg SPC)分别获得5.4 t/ha和4.1 t/ha。在大田试验中，Otobi获得的粮食产量(6.4t/ha)略高于SPC估计值。土壤的缓冲能力与种子重(r= 0.605)和生物量磷含量(r=-0.667)呈显著相关。因此，Odoba的磷肥施用量最高(604.84 Kg P/ha)， Tor-Donga (112.31 Kg P/ha)， Abeda-Mbadyul (105.93 Kg P/ha)和Otobi (33.18 Kg P/ha)。
{"title":"Relationship between soil properties, p sorptioncharacteristics and fertilizer p for optimum yield ofsoybean (Glycine Max (L.) Merr.) on some inceptisols inBenue","authors":"A. Bemgba, F. Ibrahim","doi":"10.14303/IRJAS.2015.027","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14303/IRJAS.2015.027","url":null,"abstract":"Phosphorus (P) sorption influences P requirement of Nigerian soils. Four Inceptisols in Benue state were therefore used to examine the influence of soil properties on sorption indices and yield of soybean. Soil inorganic P was fractionated using standard procedures. Sorption characteristics were determined in 0.01 M CaCl2 solutions of various P concentrations. For each soil, the amounts of P that gave 0.025, 0.05, 0.075, 0.100, 0.125, 0.150, 0.175, 0.200, 0.225, 0.250 mg/kg solution concentration and the buffering capacity were estimated from adsorption curves. In the greenhouse, 4 kg of soil from each location was placed in plastic pots. Amount of P estimated from sorption study was added as KH2PO4. The treatments were laid out in Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) and soybean seed variety (TGx 1448-2E) was planted and observed to maturity. At harvest, the shoot was dried, weighed, milled and digested in a 4:1 HNO3:HClO4 mixture and analyzed for P. Optimum solution P concentration (SPC) was determined for each soil in relation to yield. The P adsorption capacities (K) of the soils related significantly to P in biomass (r=0.661). High grain yield (t/ha) was obtained at 0.025 mg P/kg SPC in Abeda-Mbadyul (8.5) and Otobi-Akpa (12.5) while 5.4 t/ha was obtained in Tor-donga and 4.1 t/hain Odobaat 0.10 mg P/kg SPC in the green house experiment. Slightly higher grain yield was obtained at Otobi (6.4t/ha) in the field trial than the estimated SPC values. Buffering capacities of soils varied and related significantly with seed weight (r= 0.605) and P in biomass (r=-0.667). Consequently, Odoba would require highest P fertilizer application (604.84 Kg P/ha), Tor-Donga (112.31), Abeda-Mbadyul (105.93) and Otobi (33.18)","PeriodicalId":14478,"journal":{"name":"International Research Journal of Agricultural Science and soil Science","volume":"1 1","pages":"51-57"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89526198","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The most important link of nursery garden is the production of the certified cuttings and saplings from super intensive mother plantation. The perspective trend in nursery gardening is growing saplings with closed root system [a container crop] on the artificial substratum and soil substitutes. It allows planting of green cuttings (grafts) and test-tube plants into open ground in any season. Taking into account of these circumstances there is necessity of improvement methods and adaptation ways of test-tube plants of grape to non-sterile conditions came into being.
{"title":"Improvement of methods for receiving high quality grape saplings by in vitro method","authors":"S. SultanovK","doi":"10.14303/irjas.2017.021","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14303/irjas.2017.021","url":null,"abstract":"The most important link of nursery garden is the production of the certified cuttings and saplings from super intensive mother plantation. The perspective trend in nursery gardening is growing saplings with closed root system [a container crop] on the artificial substratum and soil substitutes. It allows planting of green cuttings (grafts) and test-tube plants into open ground in any season. Taking into account of these circumstances there is necessity of improvement methods and adaptation ways of test-tube plants of grape to non-sterile conditions came into being.","PeriodicalId":14478,"journal":{"name":"International Research Journal of Agricultural Science and soil Science","volume":"33 1","pages":"8-11"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91534941","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The objective of this study was to investigate the response of sunflower (Helianthus annus L.) yield to different irrigation quantities and tillage systems. The experimental work was conducted at the Demonstration Farm of the Faculty of Agriculture, University of Khartoum, Shambat during two different seasons 2011/012 and 2012/013. The treatments were three irrigation quantities (100%, 85% and 70% of crop evapotranspiration) and four tillage systems (no till, discing, chiseling and ridging). Split plot experimental design with three replications was used in which the irrigation water amounts were assigned to the main plotsand the different tillage systems to the subplots.The parameters tested were soil physical properties, the vegetative growth and yield.The results indicated that,tillage systems affected clearly soil physical properties; namely bulk density and moisture content. Deep ploughing system decreased the bulk density as compared to no till system. The vegetative growth was significantly (P ≤ 0.05) affected by the different irrigation water amounts and tillage systems. Irrigation water amounts of 100% and 85% of ETc gave the higher values than 70% ETc in both seasons. The combination of irrigation water amounts with tillage systems significantly affected the yield. However the combination of no till with 85% ETc gave the highest yield (2.3 ton/fed) in the first season while chiseling with 85% ETc had the highest yield (1.14 ton/fed) in the second season
{"title":"Effect of irrigation quantities and tillage systems on sunflower yield under Khartoum State conditions, Sudan","authors":"A. Mohamed, A. Adam, Zuhier Yassien Mohamed","doi":"10.14303/irjas.2017.01","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14303/irjas.2017.01","url":null,"abstract":"The objective of this study was to investigate the response of sunflower (Helianthus annus L.) yield to different irrigation quantities and tillage systems. The experimental work was conducted at the Demonstration Farm of the Faculty of Agriculture, University of Khartoum, Shambat during two different seasons 2011/012 and 2012/013. The treatments were three irrigation quantities (100%, 85% and 70% of crop evapotranspiration) and four tillage systems (no till, discing, chiseling and ridging). Split plot experimental design with three replications was used in which the irrigation water amounts were assigned to the main plotsand the different tillage systems to the subplots.The parameters tested were soil physical properties, the vegetative growth and yield.The results indicated that,tillage systems affected clearly soil physical properties; namely bulk density and moisture content. Deep ploughing system decreased the bulk density as compared to no till system. The vegetative growth was significantly (P ≤ 0.05) affected by the different irrigation water amounts and tillage systems. Irrigation water amounts of 100% and 85% of ETc gave the higher values than 70% ETc in both seasons. The combination of irrigation water amounts with tillage systems significantly affected the yield. However the combination of no till with 85% ETc gave the highest yield (2.3 ton/fed) in the first season while chiseling with 85% ETc had the highest yield (1.14 ton/fed) in the second season","PeriodicalId":14478,"journal":{"name":"International Research Journal of Agricultural Science and soil Science","volume":"146 1","pages":"1-7"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84776760","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Six water yam (Dioscorea alata L.) genotypes were evaluated alongside a popular cultivar in the locality for yield and yield components in the wet and dry seasons of 2009 and 2010 at Iwo (Lat. 70 38’ N, Long. 40 11’ E), Osun state Nigeria. The experiments were laid out in a Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with three replications. Results indicated significant effect of genotype on the traits studied. Among the genotypes evaluated, genotypes with potentials for high-tubers production were identified. The genotype, TDa 98/01176 produced the highest total number of tubers and number of seed tubers per plot. However, TDa 99/00240 had the highest ware tubers and total fresh tuber yield. The lowest values for these traits were obtained for Onisumose, a landrace genotype. There were no significant differences among the genotypes performance in 2009 cropping season compared to 2010 cropping season. The four genotypes TDa 99/00240, TDa 99/01169, TDa 99/01166 and TDa 98/01176 had the most stable high yield across the two cropping seasons. Generally, farmers would prefer to use a high yielding genotype that performs consistently across different seasons and environment. Genotype yield and stability of performance over two different cropping seasons as in the case of wet and dry seasons would be necessary for evaluation of genotype performance. In both seasons, the most outstanding genotype was TDa 99/00240 having values that were highest among the means for all the major yield traits.
{"title":"Evaluation of yield response of selected water yam (Dioscorea alata L) genotypes to different seasons","authors":"N. AdeniyanO","doi":"10.14303/IRJAS.2015.077","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14303/IRJAS.2015.077","url":null,"abstract":"Six water yam (Dioscorea alata L.) genotypes were evaluated alongside a popular cultivar in the locality for yield and yield components in the wet and dry seasons of 2009 and 2010 at Iwo (Lat. 70 38’ N, Long. 40 11’ E), Osun state Nigeria. The experiments were laid out in a Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with three replications. Results indicated significant effect of genotype on the traits studied. Among the genotypes evaluated, genotypes with potentials for high-tubers production were identified. The genotype, TDa 98/01176 produced the highest total number of tubers and number of seed tubers per plot. However, TDa 99/00240 had the highest ware tubers and total fresh tuber yield. The lowest values for these traits were obtained for Onisumose, a landrace genotype. There were no significant differences among the genotypes performance in 2009 cropping season compared to 2010 cropping season. The four genotypes TDa 99/00240, TDa 99/01169, TDa 99/01166 and TDa 98/01176 had the most stable high yield across the two cropping seasons. Generally, farmers would prefer to use a high yielding genotype that performs consistently across different seasons and environment. Genotype yield and stability of performance over two different cropping seasons as in the case of wet and dry seasons would be necessary for evaluation of genotype performance. In both seasons, the most outstanding genotype was TDa 99/00240 having values that were highest among the means for all the major yield traits.","PeriodicalId":14478,"journal":{"name":"International Research Journal of Agricultural Science and soil Science","volume":"28 1","pages":"12-17"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82449692","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The type of cropping system that increase the soil chemical properties is very complex and the correlation between soil chemical properties on maize need to be addressed. In this way, the study was conducted to investigate the effect of cropping system, location and nitrogen fertilizer on soil chemical properties. A factorial experiment randomized in complete block design with two replications was conducted during 2011/12 and 2012/13 planting seasons. The experiment consisted of five management systems, namely, mono cropping cowpea, Mono cropping maize, rotational maize, rotational cowpea and intercropping maize-cowpea. The amount of 0 and 95; 0 and 92; 0 and 113.5 kg N ha-1 were applied on maize plots, while the amount of 0 and 20; 0 and 17; 0 and 23.5 kg N ha-1 were applied on cowpea plots at Potchefstroom, Rustenburg and Taung respectively. The laboratory analysis involved soil NNO3, N-NH4, Bray 1-P and exchangeable K. Soil collected from cowpea plots planted on mono cropping and rotational systems had significantly (P < 0.05) higher soil N-NO3 than soil collected at other cropping systems. Soil collected at maize plot planted on mono cropping and intercropping systems had significantly (P < 0.05) higher Bray 1-P than soil collected on other cropping systems. Location had significant (P < 0.05) effect on Bray 1-P, N-NO3 and exchangeable K. It was revealed that cropping system and location play a pivotal role on soil chemical properties.
提高土壤化学性质的种植制度类型非常复杂，玉米土壤化学性质之间的相互关系需要解决。以此为基础，研究了不同种植制度、不同位置、不同施氮量对土壤化学性质的影响。2011/12和2012/13种植季采用完全区组设计随机2个重复析因试验。试验包括单作豇豆、单作玉米、轮作玉米、轮作豇豆和玉米-豇豆间作5种管理制度。0和95的量;0和92;玉米地块施氮量为0和113.5 kg hm -1，施氮量为0和20;0和17;在Potchefstroom、Rustenburg和Taung的豇豆地块上分别施用0和23.5 kg N ha-1。单作和轮作豇豆田土壤N-NO3、N-NH4、Bray 1-P和交换性钾含量显著高于其他耕作方式(P < 0.05)。单作和间作玉米田土壤Bray 1-P含量显著(P < 0.05)高于其他耕作方式。地点对土壤1-磷、N-NO3和交换态钾的影响显著(P < 0.05)，表明耕作制度和地点对土壤化学性质起关键作用。
{"title":"Selected soil chemical properties as affected by cropping system, nitrogen fertilizer and locations","authors":"E. Sebetha, A. Modi, L. Owoeye","doi":"10.14303/IRJAS.2016.031","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14303/IRJAS.2016.031","url":null,"abstract":"The type of cropping system that increase the soil chemical properties is very complex and the correlation between soil chemical properties on maize need to be addressed. In this way, the study was conducted to investigate the effect of cropping system, location and nitrogen fertilizer on soil chemical properties. A factorial experiment randomized in complete block design with two replications was conducted during 2011/12 and 2012/13 planting seasons. The experiment consisted of five management systems, namely, mono cropping cowpea, Mono cropping maize, rotational maize, rotational cowpea and intercropping maize-cowpea. The amount of 0 and 95; 0 and 92; 0 and 113.5 kg N ha-1 were applied on maize plots, while the amount of 0 and 20; 0 and 17; 0 and 23.5 kg N ha-1 were applied on cowpea plots at Potchefstroom, Rustenburg and Taung respectively. The laboratory analysis involved soil NNO3, N-NH4, Bray 1-P and exchangeable K. Soil collected from cowpea plots planted on mono cropping and rotational systems had significantly (P < 0.05) higher soil N-NO3 than soil collected at other cropping systems. Soil collected at maize plot planted on mono cropping and intercropping systems had significantly (P < 0.05) higher Bray 1-P than soil collected on other cropping systems. Location had significant (P < 0.05) effect on Bray 1-P, N-NO3 and exchangeable K. It was revealed that cropping system and location play a pivotal role on soil chemical properties.","PeriodicalId":14478,"journal":{"name":"International Research Journal of Agricultural Science and soil Science","volume":"221 1","pages":"18-25"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79895703","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Soil properties and yield of pepper are affected by soil fertility and cultural practices such as tillage. Although, composts improve soil structure and enhance soil fertility and crop yield, limited information is available on the combined effect of tillage and compost on the yield of pepper. Therefore, a study was conducted in 2010 and 2011 to evaluate the effect of almond leaf-based composts on soil properties and yield of C. chinense under the two commonly practiced tillage systems in Ibadan. The influence of thirteen experimental treatments comprising of almond leaf-based composts [Almond leaves + Poultry manure (AP) at 9.7, 12.1, and 14.5 t/ha; Almond leaves + Cattle manure (AC) at 14.3, 17.9, and 21.5 t/ha; and Almond leaves + Swine manure (AS) at 13.0, 16.3, and 19.6 t/ha]; NPK 15-15-15 at 0.2, 0.25, and 0.3 t/ha; and a control (without fertilizer) on the growth and yield of C. Chinense were investigated in a Screen house. Each treatment was mixed with 5 kg soil and arranged in a completely randomized design with four replications. The performances of the best rates in each treatment: AP (14.5 t/ha), AC (14.3 t/ha), AS (13.0 t/ha), NPK (0.25 t/ha) and control from Screen house studies, under two tillage methods: Manual Clearing (MC) and Manual Ridging (MR) were investigated in the field. The ten treatment combinations (MC; AP/MC; AC/MC; AS/MC; NPK/MC; MR; AP/MR; AC/MR; AS/MR and NPK/MR) were laid as randomised complete block design with four replications. Data were collected on plant height (PH), number of leaves (NL), and number of branches (NB), stem girth (SG), root length (RL) and fruit yield (FY) of pepper. Soil samples were collected and analysed for changes in nutrient content, soil porosity (SP), bulk density (BD), soil temperature (ST) and pH. Data were analysed using descriptive statistics and ANOVA at 0.05. In the Screen house, significant (p<0.05) differences were observed among the treatments for PH, NL, NB, SG and FY of pepper. The FY ranged from 44.5±1.7 (control) to 68.4±3.1 g/pot (AC, 14.3 t/ha). The highest FY of 68.4±3.1 g/pot of pepper recorded by AC (14.3 t/ha) was higher than those from NPK (0.25 t/ha) by 13.6%. In the field; PH, NL, NB, RL and SG of pepper were significantly (p<0.05) higher under MR than MC, respectively. The SP (54.4±1.6 and 46.4±1.8%), carbon (18.5±1.7 and 14.4±1.4 g/kg), nitrogen (4.3±0.4 and 3.3±0.4 g/kg), K (0.3±0.1 and 0.2±0.1cmol/kg),calcium (10.5±1.0 and 8.3±0.9 cmol/kg), CEC (15.9±1.3 and 13.4±1.2cmol/kg) and FY (6.6±0.6 and 3.6±0.3 t/ha) were significantly (p<0.05) higher under MR than MC, respectively. The BD and ST under MR were not significantly (p<0.05) different from MC. The FY under almond leafbased composts increased in the order: AS (5.0±0.7 t/ha) E AP (5.3±0.7 t/ha) E NPK (5.7±0.8 t/ha) E AC (6.9±1.1 t/ha). Soil pH under compost-tillage (6.8±0.1) was higher than that of NPK-tillage (5.4±0.1) combinations. The SOC (25.5±2.7 g/kg), N (6.4±0.6 g/kg), K (0.5±0.2 cmol/kg), SP (59.5±
{"title":"Soil properties and yield of pepper (CapsicumchinenseJacq.) as influenced by Almond leaf-basedcompost and tillage in Ibadan, Nigeria","authors":"A. Ogunsesin, Aiyelari Ea","doi":"10.14303/IRJAS.2017.059","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14303/IRJAS.2017.059","url":null,"abstract":"Soil properties and yield of pepper are affected by soil fertility and cultural practices such as tillage. Although, composts improve soil structure and enhance soil fertility and crop yield, limited information is available on the combined effect of tillage and compost on the yield of pepper. Therefore, a study was conducted in 2010 and 2011 to evaluate the effect of almond leaf-based composts on soil properties and yield of C. chinense under the two commonly practiced tillage systems in Ibadan. The influence of thirteen experimental treatments comprising of almond leaf-based composts [Almond leaves + Poultry manure (AP) at 9.7, 12.1, and 14.5 t/ha; Almond leaves + Cattle manure (AC) at 14.3, 17.9, and 21.5 t/ha; and Almond leaves + Swine manure (AS) at 13.0, 16.3, and 19.6 t/ha]; NPK 15-15-15 at 0.2, 0.25, and 0.3 t/ha; and a control (without fertilizer) on the growth and yield of C. Chinense were investigated in a Screen house. Each treatment was mixed with 5 kg soil and arranged in a completely randomized design with four replications. The performances of the best rates in each treatment: AP (14.5 t/ha), AC (14.3 t/ha), AS (13.0 t/ha), NPK (0.25 t/ha) and control from Screen house studies, under two tillage methods: Manual Clearing (MC) and Manual Ridging (MR) were investigated in the field. The ten treatment combinations (MC; AP/MC; AC/MC; AS/MC; NPK/MC; MR; AP/MR; AC/MR; AS/MR and NPK/MR) were laid as randomised complete block design with four replications. Data were collected on plant height (PH), number of leaves (NL), and number of branches (NB), stem girth (SG), root length (RL) and fruit yield (FY) of pepper. Soil samples were collected and analysed for changes in nutrient content, soil porosity (SP), bulk density (BD), soil temperature (ST) and pH. Data were analysed using descriptive statistics and ANOVA at 0.05. In the Screen house, significant (p<0.05) differences were observed among the treatments for PH, NL, NB, SG and FY of pepper. The FY ranged from 44.5±1.7 (control) to 68.4±3.1 g/pot (AC, 14.3 t/ha). The highest FY of 68.4±3.1 g/pot of pepper recorded by AC (14.3 t/ha) was higher than those from NPK (0.25 t/ha) by 13.6%. In the field; PH, NL, NB, RL and SG of pepper were significantly (p<0.05) higher under MR than MC, respectively. The SP (54.4±1.6 and 46.4±1.8%), carbon (18.5±1.7 and 14.4±1.4 g/kg), nitrogen (4.3±0.4 and 3.3±0.4 g/kg), K (0.3±0.1 and 0.2±0.1cmol/kg),calcium (10.5±1.0 and 8.3±0.9 cmol/kg), CEC (15.9±1.3 and 13.4±1.2cmol/kg) and FY (6.6±0.6 and 3.6±0.3 t/ha) were significantly (p<0.05) higher under MR than MC, respectively. The BD and ST under MR were not significantly (p<0.05) different from MC. The FY under almond leafbased composts increased in the order: AS (5.0±0.7 t/ha) E AP (5.3±0.7 t/ha) E NPK (5.7±0.8 t/ha) E AC (6.9±1.1 t/ha). Soil pH under compost-tillage (6.8±0.1) was higher than that of NPK-tillage (5.4±0.1) combinations. The SOC (25.5±2.7 g/kg), N (6.4±0.6 g/kg), K (0.5±0.2 cmol/kg), SP (59.5±","PeriodicalId":14478,"journal":{"name":"International Research Journal of Agricultural Science and soil Science","volume":"71 2 1","pages":"58-67"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88229170","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Availability of sufficient sweet potato vines is usually a problem during the planting season because most of the sweet potato vines from the previous harvest dry up before the next planting season. Also, in the process whereby the farmers are resulted to the prolonged multiplication of old vines for the planting of the new fields, the yield and quality of harvested tubers are reduced due to vines degeneration, diseases and pests infestation. Therefore, trials were conducted at Ajase-Ipo community of Irepodun local government area in Kwara state and Ifon community of Ose local government area in Ondo state of Nigeria in 2008 and 2009 to investigate vines producing methods and and their combination with different time of harvest. Three vines production methods investigated are nurseries, vines from sprouts roots and vines from successive planting (Farmers’ practice) and the harvesting time of sweet potato are 120, 140, 160 and 180 days after planting (DAP). The results indicated that, the effects of the vines production methods on the weight of fresh marketable tubers, weight of fresh unmarketable tubers, weight of total fresh tubers, tuber dry matter content and harvest index were significant. At both locations, nursery method gave the significantly highest values (15.2 and 13.8 t/ha) for marketable tubers in 2008 and 2009 at Ajase Ipo and (17.4 and 15.2 t/ha) at Ifon compared to sprouted roots and successive planting methods (Farmers’ practice). The combination of the methods of vines production and time of harvest effects significantly affected the average weight of marketable tubers at Ajase Ipo and Ifon. Nursery method gave the significantly highest values [(13.5 and 15.8 t/ha), (11.8 and 12.9 t/ha), (9.4 and 9.8 t/ha) and (8.4 and 7.9 t/ha)] at Ajase Ipo and Ifon at 120, 140, 160, and 180 days after planting (DAP) respectively compared to sprouted roots and successive planting methods. The combination of the methods of vines production and the time of harvest effects significantly affected the average weight of weevil free marketable tubers and badly infected marketable tubers at Ajase Ipo and Ifon. Consistently, nursery method gave the significantly highest values [(13.5 and 15.8 t/ha), (12.9 and 14.8 t/ha), (10.3 and 13.1 t/ha) and (8.6 and 11.8 t/ha)] weevil free marketable tubers at Ajase Ipo and Ifon at 120, 140, 160, and 180 DAP respectively compared to sprouted roots and successive planting methods that were not significantly different from each other. But, the least values [(6.9 and 7.3 t/ha), (5.8 and 4.1 t/ha), (4.8 and 3.1 t/ha) and (1.6 and 2.3 t/ha)] at Ajase Ipo and Ifon at 120, 140, 160, and 180 DAP respectively were recorded for successive planting method.
{"title":"Influence of vines production methods and their combination with time of harvest on tuber quality and yield of sweet potato","authors":"Adeniyan On","doi":"10.14303/irjas.2017.031","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14303/irjas.2017.031","url":null,"abstract":"Availability of sufficient sweet potato vines is usually a problem during the planting season because most of the sweet potato vines from the previous harvest dry up before the next planting season. Also, in the process whereby the farmers are resulted to the prolonged multiplication of old vines for the planting of the new fields, the yield and quality of harvested tubers are reduced due to vines degeneration, diseases and pests infestation. Therefore, trials were conducted at Ajase-Ipo community of Irepodun local government area in Kwara state and Ifon community of Ose local government area in Ondo state of Nigeria in 2008 and 2009 to investigate vines producing methods and and their combination with different time of harvest. Three vines production methods investigated are nurseries, vines from sprouts roots and vines from successive planting (Farmers’ practice) and the harvesting time of sweet potato are 120, 140, 160 and 180 days after planting (DAP). The results indicated that, the effects of the vines production methods on the weight of fresh marketable tubers, weight of fresh unmarketable tubers, weight of total fresh tubers, tuber dry matter content and harvest index were significant. At both locations, nursery method gave the significantly highest values (15.2 and 13.8 t/ha) for marketable tubers in 2008 and 2009 at Ajase Ipo and (17.4 and 15.2 t/ha) at Ifon compared to sprouted roots and successive planting methods (Farmers’ practice). The combination of the methods of vines production and time of harvest effects significantly affected the average weight of marketable tubers at Ajase Ipo and Ifon. Nursery method gave the significantly highest values [(13.5 and 15.8 t/ha), (11.8 and 12.9 t/ha), (9.4 and 9.8 t/ha) and (8.4 and 7.9 t/ha)] at Ajase Ipo and Ifon at 120, 140, 160, and 180 days after planting (DAP) respectively compared to sprouted roots and successive planting methods. The combination of the methods of vines production and the time of harvest effects significantly affected the average weight of weevil free marketable tubers and badly infected marketable tubers at Ajase Ipo and Ifon. Consistently, nursery method gave the significantly highest values [(13.5 and 15.8 t/ha), (12.9 and 14.8 t/ha), (10.3 and 13.1 t/ha) and (8.6 and 11.8 t/ha)] weevil free marketable tubers at Ajase Ipo and Ifon at 120, 140, 160, and 180 DAP respectively compared to sprouted roots and successive planting methods that were not significantly different from each other. But, the least values [(6.9 and 7.3 t/ha), (5.8 and 4.1 t/ha), (4.8 and 3.1 t/ha) and (1.6 and 2.3 t/ha)] at Ajase Ipo and Ifon at 120, 140, 160, and 180 DAP respectively were recorded for successive planting method.","PeriodicalId":14478,"journal":{"name":"International Research Journal of Agricultural Science and soil Science","volume":"9 1","pages":"29-39"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84306655","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Field experiment was conducted at the International Institute of Tropical Agriculture Ibadan and Ikene substation during the 2012 rainy season to study the effect of variety and Crystallizer fertilizer on the yield of four yellow cassava varieties. Four (4) IITA yellow cassava varieties (IITA TMS 01/1368, IITA TMS 01/1371 and IITA TMS01/1412 and IITA TMS 01/1593), were tested at three different rates (0 kgha-1, 400 kgha-1kg/ha and 600 kgha-1) in split plot fitted to RCBD. Data collected on yield parameters were analyzed using ANOVA and means were separated with Least Significant Difference. The varieties TMS01/1371 and TMS01/1412 significantly (P≤0.05) produced highest fresh tuber yield of (9.33tonsha-1) and (8.99tonsha-1) at Ibadan and Ikene respectively. The variety TMS 01/1593 significantly (P <0.05) produced highest dry matter content (35.50%) and total carotene value (7) of all the yellow cassava varieties in Ibadan. It was concluded, that since the variety TMS01/1593 produced highest total carotene content (7.00) and dry matter content (35.50%), it can therefore be recommended for cultivation and consumption in Ibadan to increase the quantity of cassava products and enhance vitamin A intake. Since TMS01/1371 produced the highest fresh tuber yield of (9.33tonsha-1) without the application of Crystallizer fertilizer in Ibadan, it can be cultivated in Ibadan to obtain 9.33tonsha-1fresh. A further research is recommended to determine the rates of Crystallizer fertilizer to increase yields obtainable in both locations.
{"title":"Yield evaluation of yellow cassava varieties as affected by inorganic fertilizer in two agro ecological zones of Nigeria","authors":"Olaiya Ao, Salam Ao","doi":"10.14303/irjas.2017.054","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14303/irjas.2017.054","url":null,"abstract":"Field experiment was conducted at the International Institute of Tropical Agriculture Ibadan and Ikene substation during the 2012 rainy season to study the effect of variety and Crystallizer fertilizer on the yield of four yellow cassava varieties. Four (4) IITA yellow cassava varieties (IITA TMS 01/1368, IITA TMS 01/1371 and IITA TMS01/1412 and IITA TMS 01/1593), were tested at three different rates (0 kgha-1, 400 kgha-1kg/ha and 600 kgha-1) in split plot fitted to RCBD. Data collected on yield parameters were analyzed using ANOVA and means were separated with Least Significant Difference. The varieties TMS01/1371 and TMS01/1412 significantly (P≤0.05) produced highest fresh tuber yield of (9.33tonsha-1) and (8.99tonsha-1) at Ibadan and Ikene respectively. The variety TMS 01/1593 significantly (P <0.05) produced highest dry matter content (35.50%) and total carotene value (7) of all the yellow cassava varieties in Ibadan. It was concluded, that since the variety TMS01/1593 produced highest total carotene content (7.00) and dry matter content (35.50%), it can therefore be recommended for cultivation and consumption in Ibadan to increase the quantity of cassava products and enhance vitamin A intake. Since TMS01/1371 produced the highest fresh tuber yield of (9.33tonsha-1) without the application of Crystallizer fertilizer in Ibadan, it can be cultivated in Ibadan to obtain 9.33tonsha-1fresh. A further research is recommended to determine the rates of Crystallizer fertilizer to increase yields obtainable in both locations.","PeriodicalId":14478,"journal":{"name":"International Research Journal of Agricultural Science and soil Science","volume":"247 1","pages":"46-50"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75588545","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Because of hard and expensive increasing cornea wrecker in spring months a large amount, it may be impossible to apply it in a large area. So, in order to prevent pests it has great opportunity to usage of chemical preparation. When applied pesticides in winter wheat fields, gained economic effectiveness is depend on variously to impact peculiarities, usage term of preparation, and used modular
{"title":"Effective methods in the fight against sunn pest and aphids","authors":"Urazbaev Aa, Hodzhaev St, Nurumova Nk","doi":"10.14303/irjas.2017.010","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14303/irjas.2017.010","url":null,"abstract":"Because of hard and expensive increasing cornea wrecker in spring months a large amount, it may be impossible to apply it in a large area. So, in order to prevent pests it has great opportunity to usage of chemical preparation. When applied pesticides in winter wheat fields, gained economic effectiveness is depend on variously to impact peculiarities, usage term of preparation, and used modular","PeriodicalId":14478,"journal":{"name":"International Research Journal of Agricultural Science and soil Science","volume":"53 1","pages":"26-28"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86672540","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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