人工海草对Zostera码头早期建立水动力阈值的影响

IF 4.6 Q2 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES Journal of ecohydraulics Pub Date : 2020-12-17 DOI:10.1080/24705357.2020.1858197
Jana Carus, C. Arndt, T. Bouma, B. Schröder, M. Paul
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引用次数: 3

摘要

由于人为干扰、疾病和/或富营养化,许多沿海地区的海草草甸已经消失。为了促进海草的恢复,我们量化了新移植海草的水动力位移阈值,并测试了人工海草作为水动力保护措施的效果。实验是通过将带活芽的Z. marina根状茎种植在沉积物床上,并将它们暴露在水槽中的一系列波浪和水流条件下进行的。ASG的使用显著降低了波高和流速。施加的波浪导致波纹的形成,而水流则导致沉积物床的侵蚀。随着河床剪应力和侵蚀的增加,被连根拔起和移出的芽数也随之增加。通过降低床层剪切应力,ASG提高了移栽苗能够承受的输入电流速度阈值。本研究揭示了人工海草(ASG)对波浪和水流衰减以及沉积物侵蚀和枝状物移动的影响。我们的研究结果有助于为早期建立Z. marina提供水动力阈值的设置,并明确ASG对水动力条件的改善。
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Effect of artificial seagrass on hydrodynamic thresholds for the early establishment of Zostera marina
Abstract Seagrass meadows have disappeared on many coastal sections due to anthropogenic disturbances, diseases, and/or eutrophication. To facilitate informed seagrass restoration, we i) quantified the hydrodynamic dislodgement thresholds for newly transplanted Z. marina shoots, and ii) tested the effect of artificial seagrass (ASG) as a hydrodynamic protection measure. Experiments were carried out by planting Z. marina rhizomes with living shoots into a sediment bed and exposing them to a range of wave and current conditions in a flume. The use of ASG significantly reduced wave height, as well as current velocity. The applied waves led to the development of ripples whereas currents led to erosion of the sediment bed. The number of shoots that were uprooted and dislodged increased with increasing bed shear stress and erosion. By reducing bed shear stress, the ASG raised the input current velocity threshold, which the transplanted shoots were able to withstand. The present study offers insight into the effect of artificial seagrass (ASG) on wave and current attenuation, as well as sediment erosion and shoot dislodgement. Our results help to inform the setting of hydrodynamic thresholds for the early establishment of Z. marina and to define the improvement of hydrodynamic conditions by ASG.
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