Bioelectrocatalysis and More

Submit Manuscript | http://medcraveonline.com treatment approach [1,2]. Biofuel cells can be divided into two main categories: enzymatic fuel cells (EFC) and microbial fuel cells (MFC). In both, oxidation of a given “fuel” occurs at the anode combined with a reduction of final electron acceptor at the cathode [3] . The potential difference between the two electrodes is the driving force of the processes, which leads to the transformation of chemical energy, stored in the “fuel” bonds, to electrical current [4]. Based on their operational principle these systems are classified as galvanic or fuel cells but what makes them “untraditional” is the nature of the catalysts used. In EFCs, the oxidation and reduction processes are catalyzed by the utilization of specific redox enzymes and in MFCs, the catalysts applied are microorganisms. The exploration of naturally occurring processes and phenomenon for the generation of electricity is the most beneficial feature of biofuel cells [5]. They are biocompatible, cheap, selective, and effective at mild temperatures and neutral pH. Therefore, biofuel cells can be a key technology toward the generation of clean and sustainable energy.