Zinc ferrite as reusable and green catalyst for synthesis of quinoxaline derivatives

A convenient method for synthesis of quinoxaline has been accomplished by cyclo condensation of substituted phenacyl bromides with o-phenylenediamines in ZnFe₂O₄ as a bimetallic and eco-friendly catalyst. The auxiliary benefits of the current protocol include short reaction time, mild reaction conditions, reusability of catalyst, ambient temperature, a wide substrate scope, a simple work-up procedure, good yields, and no chromatographic separation. Similarly, it was observed that under these reaction conditions, we had achieved all the above-mentioned benefits easily as compared to already known methods for the synthesis of quinoxalines. Therefore, this methodological approach will generate new pathways to synthesize the derivatives of quinoxalines on the industrial scale too.

Graphical abstract

In the present protocol, the synthesis of quinoxaline derivatives is described using various substituted phenacyl bromides and o-phenylenediamines as starting materials in ZnFe₂O₄ as a bimetallic and eco-friendly catalyst at room temperature. Here, Dimethylformamide is used as a solvent with high yields.