从女性的牺牲到女权主义的牺牲:医疗化生育与“自然”生育与以女性为中心的生育

Sara Cohen Shabot
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引用次数: 0

摘要

牺牲的概念对女权主义理论提出了一个有趣的挑战。一方面,女性似乎必须拒绝自我牺牲的行为。另一方面,最近的一些女权主义分析已经认识到,牺牲是一种潜在的赋予女性权力的工具,只要它是自由选择的,并被体验为积极的变革。在这篇论文中,我认为可以把生育看作是一个要求女性在父权意义上牺牲自己的事件,或者,作为一个允许“女权主义牺牲”的事件——一个深刻体现和痛苦的,但也是创造性的和救赎性的自我牺牲,由女性自己选择。我认为,虽然从女权主义的角度来看,必须明确反对男权通过羞辱、指责、物化和虐待来牺牲女性在产房中的分娩身体,但在分娩过程中仍有“女权主义牺牲”的余地。
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From Women’s Sacrifice to Feminist Sacrifice: Medicalized Birth and “Natural” Birth versus Woman-Centered Birth
The concept of sacrifice poses an interesting challenge to feminist theory. On the one hand, it seems that women must reject self-sacrificing practices. On the other hand, certain recent feminist analyses have recognized sacrifice as a potential empowering tool for women, so long as it is freely chosen and experienced as positively transformative. In this paper I argue that it is possible to relate to childbirth either as an event calling for women to sacrifice themselves in the patriarchal sense or, alternatively, as one that allows for a “feminist sacrifice” – a deeply embodied and painful but also creative and redeeming self-sacrifice, chosen by a woman herself. I show that while the patriarchal sacrifice of women’s birthing bodies in the labor room through shame, blame, objectification, and abuse must be clearly rejected from a feminist perspective, there is nevertheless room for “feminist sacrifice” in childbirth.
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