高等教育中的开放科学实践:对德国研究和教学人员调查结果的讨论

Tamara Heck, Isabella Peters, Athanasios Mazarakis, A. Scherp, Ina Blümel
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引用次数: 13

摘要

开放科学和学术实践的各个方面经常以研究和研究传播过程为重点进行讨论。目前关于开放科学及其对高等教育学与教的影响的讨论较少,反之亦然。本文讨论了开放科学与教育实践和资源的关系,并报道了一项从开放科学的角度调查当前教育实践的研究。我们认为,通过开放教育实践为学生提供机会,可以提高他们对未来开放科学目标的认识,并教会他们实现这些目标所需的技能。我们提供了210名在德国高等教育机构担任教学职责的参与者的在线调查结果。虽然他们中的一些人试图建立更开放的学习和教学环境,但大多数受访者采用相当传统的学习和教学方式。60%的学校没有使用开放教育资源——许多人甚至没有听说过开放教育资源——也没有向在线观众开放课程。参与者优先考虑的是资源的准确性和质量,我们仍然看到开放实践的收益与实用性和适用性之间的差距。本文通过考察开放科学实践及其对学习和教学环境的适应,对高等教育中的开放实践进行了一般性讨论。它提出了改进开放实践支持和基础设施的建议。
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Open science practices in higher education: Discussion of survey results from research and teaching staff in Germany
Aspects of open science and scholarly practices are often discussed with a focus on research and research dissemination processes. There is currently less discussion on open science and its influence on learning and teaching in higher education, and reversely. This paper discusses open science in relation to educational practices and resources and reports on a study to investigate current educational practices from the perspective of open science. We argue that offering students opportunities via open educational practices raises their awareness of future open science goals and teaches them the skills needed to reach those goals. We present online survey results from 210 participants with teaching responsibility at higher education institutions in Germany. While some of them try to establish more open learning and teaching settings, most respondents apply rather traditional ways of learning and teaching. 60% do not use open educational resources – many have not even heard of them – nor do they make their courses open for an online audience. Participants’ priority lies in resource accuracy and quality and we still see a gap between the benefit of open practices and their practicability and applicability. The paper contributes to the general discussion of open practices in higher education by looking at open science practices and their adaptation to the learning and teaching environment. It formulates recommendations for improvements of open practice support and infrastructure.
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