印度农村高血压与生活方式危险因素的Logistic回归分析

Ayub Khan, H. Shankar
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摘要

背景:高血压是印度慢性疾病负担最重要的危险因素。预计在未来十年,印度农村受高血压影响的人数和高血压患病率将会增加。目的和目的:确定印度农村高血压的患病率和相关的生活方式危险因素。材料和方法:在印度北方邦东部农村地区40岁及以上的年龄组中进行了基于社区的横断面研究。采用多阶段和概率与大小成比例的抽样方法。统计分析:分析1856例高血压患病率及相关危险因素资料,计算每项危险因素的2值。采用Logistic回归分析预测高血压人群与不同危险因素的相关性,并对各生活方式危险因素进行了调整奇数比和相应的森林图的详细讨论。结果:高血压总患病率为29.1%。肥胖和糖尿病与高血压密切相关。与40 ~ 49岁年龄组相比,50 ~ 59岁、60 ~ 69岁、70岁及以上年龄组高血压患病率分别为2.44、3.67、5.33倍(AOR=2.44、3.67、5.33)。男性和女性的高血压发生率几乎相等(AOR=1.007;95%置信区间:0.77—-1.32)。在这项研究中,吸烟者、肥胖者和糖尿病患者更容易患高血压。吸烟者患高血压的几率是吸烟者的1.38倍(AOR=1.380;95%CI: 1.01-1.88)与不吸烟者相比,而在嗜酒者和非嗜酒者中有相同的机会(AOR=1.009;95%CI=0.74-1.37)发生高血压。结论:需要实施全面的生活方式改变方案,如促进健康饮食习惯,体育锻炼,戒烟,避免过量饮酒和压力,可能对预防新发高血压病例起重要作用。
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Logistic Regression Analysis on Hypertension and Lifestyle Risk Factors in Rural India
Background: Hypertension is the most important risk factor for chronic disease burden in India. The numbers of peoples affected and the prevalence of hypertension in rural India are expected to increase over the next decade. Aim and Objectives: To determine the prevalence and associated lifestyle risk factors of hypertension in rural India. Materials & methods: A community based cross sectional study was done among age group 40 years & above in rural area of eastern UP, India. Multistage and probability proportional to size sampling procedure was used. Statistical analysis: Data of 1856 individuals for prevalence of hypertension and associated risk factors were analysed and 2 value for each of the risk factors were calculated. Logistic regression analysis was used to predict hypertensive population associated with different risk factors also Adjusted Odd Ratio and corresponding Forest plot were also discussed in detail for each lifestyle risk factors. Results: The overall prevalence of hypertension was found to be 29.1%. Obesity and diabetes were strongly associated with hypertension. Compared to age group (40-49) years, others groups (50-59), (60-69), (70& above) were 2.44, 3.67, 5.33 times (AOR=2.44, 3.67, 5.33) more likely to have hypertensive population. Hypertension occurs nearly equal in both male and female (AOR=1.007; 95%CI: 0.77-1.32). In this study smokers, obese and diabetic person are more likely to have hypertension. Smokers have 1.38 times more chance to become hypertensive (AOR=1.380; 95%CI: 1.01-1.88) than non-smokers while in alcoholic and non-alcoholic population have equal chance (AOR=1.009; 95%CI=0.74-1.37) to become hypertensive. Conclusion: There is need to implement comprehensive lifestyle modification program such as promotion of healthy dietary habits, physical activity, tobacco cessation, avoidance of excessive intake of alcohol and stress, which may play major role in prevention of new hypertensive cases.
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