桉树人工林无性灰分生物量作为土壤硅的潜在来源

Mara Lúcia Martins Magela, L. Coelho, R. R. Finzi, L. Gontijo
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摘要

面对扩大对桉树种植园灰烬影响的认识的需要,本研究评估了在两种典型的巴西森林种植园土壤中使用灰烬。实验于2014年11月19日至12月19日在MG uberl印度的一个温室中进行。从桉树木材和树皮、桉树树枝和叶子、松树木材和树皮以及甘蔗甘蔗渣中获得灰烬,将其施用于砂质土壤(实验1)或粘土土壤(实验2)。在每个实验中,孵育试验采用完全随机设计,4×2+1因子由四个灰源组成。桉树木材和树皮(EWB)、桉树树枝和叶子(ETL)、松木和树皮(PWB)和甘蔗甘蔗渣(SCB)的无性灰分生物量,两个剂量(200和400 kg ha-1)和一个对照(无硅源),3个重复。土壤培养30天后测定可溶性硅、pH、交换性钙、镁。PWB为两种土壤提供了更多的硅。SCB不增加钙和镁在土壤中的含量,无论剂量如何。400 kg ha-1时,砂质土中桉树灰分对土壤酸度降低最大,而粘土土中pH值未发生变化。两种土壤的最佳硅源均为400 kg ha-1松木和树皮;但是,只要有EWB和ETL,就应该使用它们。
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Vegetative ash biomass as a potential source of silicon for soils in eucalyptus plantation
In face of the need to broaden the knowledge about the effects of ashes in eucalypt plantations, this study evaluated the use of ashes in two typical Brazilian soils for forest plantations. The experiment was done in a greenhouse, from November 19 to December 19 (2014), in Uberlândia, MG. The ashes were obtained from eucalypt wood and bark, eucalypt twigs and leaves, pine wood and bark and sugar cane bagasse, applied to a sandy soil (experiment 1) or to a clayey one (experiment 2). In each experiment, incubation tests were done in a completely randomized design as 4×2+1 factorial consisting of four ash sources. Vegetative ash biomass from eucalypt wood and bark (EWB), eucalypt twigs and leaves (ETL), pine wood and bark (PWB) and sugar cane bagasse (SCB), two doses (200 and 400 kg ha-1), and a control (with no silicon source), with three replications. Soluble silicon, pH, and exchangeable Ca and Mg were determined after incubating the soils for 30 days. PWB supplied more Si to both soils. The SCB did not increase Ca and Mg to either soil, regardless of the dose. The ashes that most reduced soil acidity in the sandy soil were those of eucalypt, at 400 kg ha-1, while no pH change was observed in the clayey one. The best silicon source evaluated for both soils was pine wood and bark (PWB) at 400 kg ha-1; however, EWB and ETL should be used whenever available.
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