赞比亚卢萨卡大学教学医院结肠直肠癌中的Kristen大鼠肉瘤病毒癌基因突变

E. Shilika, Stepfanie N Siyumbwa, Maurice Mwale, P. Julius
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摘要

背景:全球癌症相关死亡的第二大原因是结直肠癌。每10万人中有4.8人罹患此病,是赞比亚第六大常见癌症;方法:本研究以实验室为基础,横断面研究了来自赞比亚卢萨卡大学教学医院成人医院(UTHs)的结直肠癌病例中Kirsten大鼠肉瘤病毒癌基因同源物(KRAS)突变的频率及其与预后因素的关系;结果:2017年6月至2018年6月采集的30份福尔马林固定石蜡包埋(FFPE)样本被送往《柳叶刀》实验室,分析KRAS突变(密码子12和13)。1个FFPE块不符合纳入标准,被排除。使用STATA 12分析人口学和临床病理资料。男性的数量是女性的20比9。患者平均年龄45±16岁。直肠为44.8%的肿瘤部位,以常规腺癌(CAC)居多(65.6%)。所有病例(100%)均为晚期(3期和4期)疾病;然而,仅有27.6%的患者肿瘤表现为淋巴血管浸润。KRAS突变11例(37.9%),主要发生在左侧肿瘤(62.5%)。KRAS突变仅在CAC和锯齿状腺癌亚型中检测到。未观察到KRAS突变状态与肿瘤或患者临床和社会人口学因素之间的显著关联;结论:我们提倡将KRAS突变检测纳入治疗结直肠癌的护理标准。
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Kristen Rat Sarcoma Viral Oncogene Mutations in Colorectal Carcinomas at the University Teaching Hospital in Lusaka, Zambia
Background: The second leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide is colorectal cancer. With an incidence rate of 4.8 per 100,000, this is Zambia’s sixth most prevalent cancer;   Methods: This laboratory-based, cross-sectional study examined the frequency of Kirsten rat sarcoma viral oncogene homolog (KRAS) mutation and its association with prognostic factors in colorectal carcinoma cases from the University Teaching Hospital-Adult Hospital (UTHs), Lusaka, Zambia;   Results: Thirty (30) formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) samples collected between June 2017 and June 2018 were sent to the Lancet laboratories and analyzed for KRAS mutations (codons 12 and 13). One FFPE block did not meet the inclusion criteria and was excluded. The demographic and clinicopathological data were analyzed using STATA 12. Males outnumber females by 20 to nine. The average age of the patient was 45 ± 16 years. The rectum was the location of 44.8% of the tumors, with the majority being conventional adenocarcinoma (CAC) (65.6 %). All cases (100%) had advanced-stage (stages 3 and 4) disease; however, only 27.6% of patient tumors exhibited lymphovascular invasion. KRAS mutation was detected in 11 (37.9%) cases and mainly in left-sided tumors (62.5%). KRAS mutations were only detected in CAC and serrated adenocarcinoma subtypes. No significant associations were observed between the KRAS mutation status and tumor or patient’s clinical and sociodemographic factors;   Conclusion: We advocate for incorporating KRAS mutation testing into the standard of care for treating colorectal cancer.
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