稀释的血液:杜斯奇卡·梅杰辛三部小说中的身份与他者

Christina Lammer
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摘要

摘要本文的核心是关于同一性的两个假设。(1)杜斯奇卡·梅杰辛在三部小说中将身份表现为不稳定的自我建构。(2)梅杰辛运用记忆话语和文化现象来表现人物在(重新)建构身份时的挣扎。皮普(Over de liefde, 2008),不得不处理她怀孕的女情人的秘密事件。她拒绝成为每个人都同情的“被遗弃的人”。因此,她必须创造一个不符合他人期望的新身份。在《100%化学》(2002)中,一个德国移民和荷兰父亲的女儿在荷兰长大。由于她不认同任何国籍,她试图稳定自己支离破碎的身份。调查她的德国家庭的历史,她试图创造自己的身份。罗伯特·马丁是《花呢人》(2000)的主角,他与去世的哥哥亚历山大的遗产作斗争。罗伯特不仅继承了他兄弟的财产,而且还继承了他的朋友。他们想让罗伯特取代亚历山大。罗伯特必须创造一个符合他们生活方式的新身份。梅辛笔下的人物似乎“失去”了自己的身份,就像他们“拥有”了自己的身份一样。因此,他们的故事强调了对身份的看法:他们有固定的身份,可以被摧毁吗?身份是一种建构吗?如果是,它是如何被创造出来的?我讨论了文化记忆,尤其是质疑记忆话语的反记忆,如何影响身份的建构。此外,我还展示了身份类别的交集如何困扰着梅青的角色。
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Diluted Blood: Identity and the Other in Three Novels by Doeschka Meijsing
Abstract Two hypotheses on identity lay at the core of this paper. (1) Doeschka Meijsing presents identity as unstable and as a construct of one’s own in three novels. (2) Meijsing uses memory discourses and cultural phenomena to display how characters struggle when (re-)constructing their identities. Pip (Over de liefde, 2008), has to deal with the secret affair of her female lover who has got pregnant. She refuses to be the ‘left one’ everyone feels pity for. As a result, she has to create a new identity that doesn’t fit the expectations of others. In 100% Chemie (2002), an unnamed daughter of a German migrant and Dutch father grew up in the Netherlands. As she doesn’t identify with any nationality she seeks to stabilize her fragmented identity. Investigating the history of her German family she tries to create her own identity. Robert Martin, main character of De tweede man (2000), struggles with the legacy of his brother Alexander who has passed away. Robert has not only inherited his brother’s fortune but also his friends. They want Robert to replace Alexander. Robert has to create a new identity which fits their lifestyle. Meijsing’s characters feel as if they have ‘lost’ their identities, as far as they ‘owned’ ones. As a result, their stories stress views on identity: do they have fixed identities, which can be destroyed? Is identity a construction and if so, how can it be created? I discuss how cultural memory, especially counter-memory which questions memory discourses, impacts the construction of identity. Furthermore, I show how intersections of identity categories trouble Meijsing’s characters.
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