长壁工作面开采钾矿位移的数学建模

IF 2.4 Q2 MINING & MINERAL PROCESSING Journal of Mining Institute Pub Date : 2023-03-02 DOI:10.31897/pmi.2023.11
A. Baryakh, S. Devyatkov, E. Denkevich
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引用次数: 0

摘要

在有利的采矿条件下,特别是在Starobinskoye钾肥矿床(白俄罗斯),采用长壁采矿系统。它们对底土造成很高的人为负荷,包括地面的剧烈变形。本研究旨在研究长壁工作面推进过程中地表位移的动力学特性。采用弹塑性公式进行数学建模,并采用有限元法进行数值实现。顶板垮落的条件是煤层之间接触的打开,当其边界被剪切破裂或在露头处形成拉应力区。随着工作面推进,沉降量逐渐增大,沉降量逐渐稳定到由采矿工艺参数和塌落岩体物理力学性质决定的数值。在这种情况下,地表的每一点都会经历交替的水平变形:当锋面靠近时,它会产生张力,当锋面离开时,它会产生压缩。数学模型计算结果与仪器测量的地表位移数据吻合较好,说明长壁煤层分层开挖过程中岩体变形得到了较好的描述。
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Mathematical modelling of displacement during the potash ores mining by longwall faces
In favourable mining conditions, in particular at the Starobinskoye potash deposit (Belarus), longwall mining systems are used. They cause a high human-induced load on the subsoil, including intense deformation of the ground surface. The presented investigations are aimed at studying the dynamics of the ground surface displacement during the longwall face advance. Mathematical modelling was carried out in an elastic-plastic formulation with numerical implementation by the finite element method. The condition for the roof rocks collapse was opening of the contact between the seams when its boundaries were reached by shear fractures or formation of the tensile stresses area at the outcrop. With the working front advance, an increase in subsidence is observed, followed by its stabilization to a value determined by the process parameters of mining operations and the physical and mechanical properties of collapsed rocks. In this case, each point of the ground surface experiences sign-alternating horizontal deformations: when the front approaches, it causes tension, and when it moves away, compression. The obtained results of mathematical modelling are in good agreement with the data of instrumental measurements of the ground surface displacements, which indicates the adequate description of the rock mass deformation during the slice excavation of sylvinite seams by longwall faces.
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来源期刊
Journal of Mining Institute
Journal of Mining Institute MINING & MINERAL PROCESSING-
CiteScore
7.50
自引率
25.00%
发文量
62
审稿时长
8 weeks
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