Limb amputations in Nigeria: The National hospital abuja experience

Background: Limb amputation is a common live saving surgical procedure in orthopedics and trauma practice that is associated with profound psychological, social and economic consequences on patients and his family. Current reports from some parts of Nigeria suggest that diabetic complications are taking the lead as cause for limb amputations in place of trauma the traditionally known etiological factor in the country. Objectives: To review the indications for amputations in our center and to compare our findings with published information, in view of its effect on the individual and the society and to suggest preventive measures. Materials and Methods: An 8 years retrospective study of extremity amputations performed in our hospital. Data on age, gender, indication for amputation, level of amputation, and outcome of surgery were extracted from the patients' case files and the operation register. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 16 and result presented in diagrammatic and tabular form. Results: The records of 106 patients were analyzed, there were 73 males and 33 females (ratio of 2.2:1), the age ranged from 8 to 92 years with a mean age and (standard deviation) 43.76 (±18.69) years. Diabetic foot gangrene was the most common indication for limb amputation in 46 (43.3%) patients compared to trauma 22 (20.8%). Below knee amputation was the most frequent level of amputation 50 (47.2%). The most frequent complication encountered was surgical site infection in 30 (28.3%). Conclusion: Diabetic foot gangrene was the leading indication for amputation in this study. Intense public enlightenment on prevention, early detection and effective treatment of diabetes and its complications will reduce the incidence of amputations in our environment.