A Proposed Solution to the Range–Doppler Dilemma of Weather Radar Measurements by Using the SMPRF Codes, Practical Results, and a Comparison with Operational Measurements

Abstract Based on the measurement principles used on incoherent scatter radars, the authors have developed the Simultaneous Multiple Pulse Repetition Frequency (SMPRF) code that is intended to solve the range–Doppler dilemma and that can be used with modern magnetron radars. The working principle of the code is explained in mathematical terms and with the help of a simplified model. Results from the SMPRF and traditional fixed PRF weather radar measurements are compared, and the reasons for the differences are explained. The practical results show that the SMPRF code seems to work in the manner that is predicted by the theoretical and model calculations. The SMPRF code provides enough information to produce a high-resolution measured spectrum for each range gate. The shape of these measured spectra are seldom purely Gaussian. It is possible that more advanced raw products, other than just reflectivity, velocity, and width, can be produced with the help of these high-resolution spectra.