Separation Distance for Frequency Coexistence between Unsynchronized Time Division Duplex 5G Private Networks at 4.7 GHz

Frequency sharing problems may occur between neighboring networks when multiple operators build 5G private networks within a specific region. The interference between time division duplex (TDD) 5G private networks depends on various factors, such as frequency channels, synchronization, and building entry loss (BEL). In this study, we propose separation distances at which two 5G private networks in close proximity can coexist. The amount of interference according to the separation distance between the two 5G private networks was simulated by the Monte Carlo (MC) method. When the two networks operated in an outdoor environment and had different channels, there was a minimum interference effect even if the cell radii of the two networks overlap. However, the separation distance between networks using the same channel was simulated to be approximately 500 m. The TDD synchronization of two networks using the same channel reduced the separation distance to approximately 100 m. The additional radio wave attenuation by the BEL reduced the amount of interference, allowing frequency coexistence between networks even within the cell radii.