Integrated Approach for Formation Water Salinity Determination

In exploration areas formation water salinity is often unknown. Several log-based techniques can be used to estimate the water resistivity, which can be used to calculate the equivalent formation water salinity, such as the Pickett's plot technique or spontaneous potential (SP log) but remain subjected to some uncertainties. Although captured down hole samples can accurately determine salinity, it can take a long time to receive the laboratory analysis results, delaying the Field Development Plan (FDP) studies and affecting current logging operations decisions. In this paper, we tested two methodologies. First, we utilized a novel dry weight chlorine (DWCL) measurement from an advanced spectroscopy tool to estimate the formation salinity at the depth of investigation of the device. This newly introduced methodology can be used in areas where formation salinity is unknown. The second methodology uses a new downhole induction resistivity cell in the formation tester tool. This cell gives a calibrated direct measurement of the water resistivity in the flowline, which can be converted into an equivalent water salinity if temperature is provided, and cross-checked with the DWCL values from the spectroscopy tool. The new chlorine measurement, along with the flowline induction resistivity measurement, provides a robust workflow to estimate the formation water salinity, enhancing the quality of the saturation evaluation for quick decision-making during logging operations, and accelerating the evaluation studies rather than waiting on laboratory results.