爱德华·赫尔曼和诺姆·乔姆斯基《制造同意:大众传媒的政治经济学》批判

Asegedew Shemelis
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引用次数: 2

摘要

这篇评论是对爱德华·赫尔曼和诺姆·乔姆斯基合著的杰作《制造同意:大众传媒的政治经济学》的评论。本文试图对以宣传模式(Propaganda Model, PM)为框架来批判美国主流媒体体系的表现和结构行为的范式进行全面批判。这篇评论完全依赖于这本书。更强调的是书的框架——宣传模式。赫尔曼和乔姆斯基将其改编为“制造同意”,因为它表明“同意”或共同理解是由精英(作者称之为“专业阶层”)烹饪(制造)的。大型媒体由少数逐利的所有者控制;因此,他们不鼓励新闻和分析的自由流动,因为这些新闻和分析完全违背了他们的利益。由于这个原因,“现实”更倾向于被捏造和传播给大众。基于这一坚实的理由,作者在探索美国主要的印刷和广播平台时,开发了宣传模型来评估媒体的表现,他们使用该模型作为框架;这篇评论文章的作者从这个角度寻找模型,并努力批判论点。
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A Critique of Edward Herman and Noam Chomsky’s Manufacturing Consent: The Political Economy of Mass Media
This review is a critique of a masterpiece “Manufacturing Consent: The Political Economy of Mass Media” written by Edward Herman and Noam Chomsky. The paper entirely attempts to critique the paradigm of Propaganda Model (PM) applied as a framework to criticize the performance and structural behavior of U.S mainstream media system. The review relies entirely on the book. Greater emphasis is given to the framework of the book-Propaganda Model. Herman and Chomsky adapted it into Manufacturing Consent, as it suggests that ‘consent’ or shared understanding is cooked (manufactured) by elites “specialized classes” as the authors name them. The big media are controlled by few profit-seeking owners; therefore, they do not encourage free flow of news and analysis that are solely against the other end of their interest. Due to this reason, ‘realities’ are preferred to be fabricated and disseminated to the mass. For such solid justification, the authors developed the propaganda model to evaluate the performance of media in U.S. in exploring the main print and broadcast platforms, they used the model as a framework; and the writers of this review article sought the model from that perspective and exerted effort to critique arguments.
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