在马来西亚雪兰莪州丹戎卡朗低产粮仓区施用稻壳生物炭对水稻养分吸收和籽粒产量的影响

Deniel Sang, R. A. Bakar, S. H. Ahmad, O. Ahmed, Wan Asrina Wan Yahya, K. A. Rahim
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引用次数: 0

摘要

水稻(Oryza sativa L.)生产在加强马来西亚粮食安全方面发挥着重要作用。较低的水稻产量和不适当的土壤管理措施引起了人们对马来西亚水稻种植的严重关注。本研究旨在探讨稻壳生物炭(RHB)在两个作物周期内对低产区水稻产量的短期影响。RHB的施用量分别为0、5、10和20 Mg ha -1。稻壳生物炭在稻种MR 263直接播种前一周施用。研究结果表明,与对照处理相比,RHB在第一和第二作物周期的产量分别显著提高44%和46%。在第1、2个作物周期中,RHB改良小区的有效分蘖、穗长、每穗重等产量指标均显著高于对照小区。此外,RHB在第一个作物周期和第二个作物周期分别显著提高了17%、18%、29%和26%、23%、110%的氮、磷、钾吸收量。施用RHB显著提高了两个作物周期土壤速效磷、交换性钾和交换性镁。另一个有趣的发现是,与对照处理的19%相比,RHB的使用使土壤总碳损失减少了4%至12%。这些发现表明,RHB可以作为土壤改良剂提高水稻产量,提高土壤养分有效性和养分吸收,并减少碳损失,特别是在干旱时期。
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Response on Uptake of Nutrients and on Grain Yield from Rice Husk Biochar Application on Oryza sativa L. Grown in a Low Yielding Granary Area of Tanjung Karang, Selangor, Malaysia
Rice ( Oryza sativa L.) production plays a major role in enhancing food security in Malaysia. Lower rice yield and improper soil management practices have raised serious concerns about rice cultivation in Malaysia. The objective of this study was to examine the short-term effects of rice husk biochar (RHB) application on rice yields production on low yielding area for two crop cycles. RHB was applied at the rates of 0, 5, 10, and 20 Mg ha -1 . Rice husk biochar was applied one week before rice seeds, of variety MR 263, were directly seeded. Results of the study showed that RHB significantly increased grain yield by 44% and 46% in first and second crop cycles, respectively, as compared to the control treatment. Likewise, RHB amended plots showed significant improvement of rice yield components, viz. productive tiller, panicle length, and weight per panicle, than those of the control plots in the first and second crop cycles. Furthermore, RHB significantly increased nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P) and potassium (K) uptake by 17%, 18%, 29%, respectively, in the first crop cycle, and 26%, 23%, 110%, respectively, in the second crop cycle. RHB application also significantly improved soil available P, exchangeable K and exchangeable Mg in the two crop cycles. Another interesting finding was that the use of RHB reduced soil total carbon loss by 4% to 12% compared with 19% by the control treatment. These findings suggest that RHB can potentially be used as a soil amendment to increase rice yield production, enhance soil nutrient availability and nutrient uptake, as well as reduce carbon losses especially during drought period.
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