老年人社会孤立状况及相关因素调查

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摘要

引言:社会孤立是一个多因素问题,由于对老年人的身体、心理和社会健康具有独特的风险,导致破坏性后果。因此,本研究旨在确定伊朗Bojnord保健中心覆盖范围内的老年人的社会孤立及其相关因素。方法:采用一阶段整群抽样的方法,在伊朗Bojnourd医疗中心覆盖范围内选取605名60岁及以上的老年人进行横断面描述性分析研究。为了收集数据,通过对老年人的访谈,完成了有效可靠的人口统计学特征问卷和Lubben社会网络量表。伦理考虑得到了遵守。数据分析采用SPSS软件(version 24)和统计检验。结果:老年人平均年龄69.35±7.22岁,其中男性占52.6%。总体而言,47.2%的病例存在社会隔离。男性、多子女、高等教育程度、失业、退休、是否有房等因素对社会隔离程度的影响均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。然而,它并没有显示出与年龄和婚姻状况(已婚)有统计学意义的关系。结论:卫生保健系统应更多地关注老年人,特别是无子女妇女、家庭主妇、文盲和受教育程度较低的妇女以及租房者
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Investigation of Social Isolation in the Elderly and its Related Factors
Introduction: Social isolation is a multifactorial problem that leads to destructive consequences due to having unique risks for the physical, mental, and social health of the elderly. Therefore, the present study was conducted to determine social isolation and its related factors in the elderly under the coverage of health centers in Bojnord, Iran. Method: In this cross-sectional, descriptive-analytical study, 605 elderly aged 60 years and above were selected among those under the coverage of health centers in Bojnourd, Iran, using a one-stage cluster sampling method. In order to collect data, valid and reliable questionnaires of demographic characteristics and the Lubben social network scale were completed through an interview with the elderly. Ethical considerations were observed. The data were analyzed using SPSS software (version 24) and statistical tests. Results: The mean age of the elderly was 69.35±7.22 years of whom 52.6% were male. In total, 47.2% of the cases had social isolation. Social isolation showed a statistically significant decrease concerning variables, such as male gender, more children, higher education level, unemployment and retirement, as well as having a house (P<0.05). However, it did not show a statistically significant relationship with age and marital status (married). Conclusion: Healthcare systems should pay more attention to the elderly, especially women with few children, housewives, illiterate and poorly educated, and renters
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