Non-Pharmacological Pain Management on Patients of Maternal Childbirth 1 Stage Period: Literature Review

Pregnant women are usually worried about pain during childbirth. It is caused by the force of contractions in the uterus and the pressure that occurs. Pain will increase when the cervix is fully dilated due to fetal pressure on the pelvic structures followed by stretching and tearing of the birth canal. The fear of pain during childbirth is a reason for women to choose to give birth by caesarean section. Every woman has a different pain threshold. Handling labor pain needs to be considered by health workers when helping deliveries. One of the interventions that can be done to reduce pain is pain management. Pain management is an action to reduce and relieve the pain that is felt. Pain management aims to help patients control pain so that the pain is lost or reduced. Pain management can be done with pharmacological and non-pharmacological techniques. Both of these techniques aim to reduce or eliminate labor pain by blocking the pain nerves. Related to this problem, a literature review is needed to dig deeper into the information in scientific research journals, so that we can get an overview from various points of view of research, especially regarding the names of pain management performed on maternal patients. This type of research is a literature review with a rapid review technique from journals on the Cochrane library and pubmed data base.