野猫对本地鸟类种群的影响。国家范围内的预测建模方法

IF 3.1 3区 环境科学与生态学 Q2 ECOLOGY Ecological Complexity Pub Date : 2021-12-01 DOI:10.1016/j.ecocom.2021.100964
Jakub Z. Kosicki
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引用次数: 3

摘要

原生物种之间的生态相互作用常常受到外来入侵物种的干扰。然而,要了解它们对国家范围内野生本地动物种群的影响,有必要建立一个预测模型。因此,我遵循物种密度分布建模方法,探索野生家猫(Felis catus)如何与环境预测因子一起决定两种鸟类的密度,黄鹀(Emberiza citrinella)和黄鹡起(Motacilla flava)在整个波兰地区。作为建模方法,我使用广义加性模型为两种鸟类分别开发了两个模型:第一个将野猫密度作为额外的预测因子,第二个没有。结果,我证明了猫的密度对本地鸟类种群的负面影响,这可以从两种被研究物种在其首选栖息地的密度下降来说明,在这些栖息地,猫的密度达到了很高。虽然不能明确断言猫导致了这两种鸟类的局部灭绝,但这些食肉动物不应被低估。在许多地方,野生种群被新个体喂养,它们不遵循与本地鸟类种群相同的调节种群的内部机制。因此,在大的空间尺度上,当捕食者的环境偏好与研究目标群体的偏好重叠时,鸟类物种密度分布模型应该包括猫的种群大小作为额外的预测因子。
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The impact of feral domestic cats on native bird populations. Predictive modelling approach on a country scale

Ecological interactions between native species are often disturbed by invasive species. However, to understand their impact on wild native animal populations on a country scale it is necessary to develop a predictive model. Therefore, I followed the species density distribution modelling approach to explore how feral domestic cats (Felis catus) along with environmental predictors determined densities of two bird species, the Yellowhammer (Emberiza citrinella) and the Yellow Wagtail (Motacilla flava) on the whole area of Poland. As a modelling method, I used the Generalised Additive Model to develop two models for each of the two bird species: The first with the feral cat density as an additional predictor, and the second without it. As a result, I demonstrated the negative impact of cat density on native bird populations, illustrated by reduced density of the two studied species in their preferred habitats, in which cats reached a high density. Although it cannot be explicitly asserted that cats lead to a local extinction of the two bird species, these predators should not be underestimated. In many locations feral populations are fed with new individuals, and they do not follow the same internal mechanisms regulating their population as the native bird fauna. Thus, on a large spatial scale species density distribution models of birds should include cats’ population size as an additional predictor when this predator's environmental preferences overlap with preferences of the studied target groups.

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来源期刊
Ecological Complexity
Ecological Complexity 环境科学-生态学
CiteScore
7.10
自引率
0.00%
发文量
24
审稿时长
3 months
期刊介绍: Ecological Complexity is an international journal devoted to the publication of high quality, peer-reviewed articles on all aspects of biocomplexity in the environment, theoretical ecology, and special issues on topics of current interest. The scope of the journal is wide and interdisciplinary with an integrated and quantitative approach. The journal particularly encourages submission of papers that integrate natural and social processes at appropriately broad spatio-temporal scales. Ecological Complexity will publish research into the following areas: • All aspects of biocomplexity in the environment and theoretical ecology • Ecosystems and biospheres as complex adaptive systems • Self-organization of spatially extended ecosystems • Emergent properties and structures of complex ecosystems • Ecological pattern formation in space and time • The role of biophysical constraints and evolutionary attractors on species assemblages • Ecological scaling (scale invariance, scale covariance and across scale dynamics), allometry, and hierarchy theory • Ecological topology and networks • Studies towards an ecology of complex systems • Complex systems approaches for the study of dynamic human-environment interactions • Using knowledge of nonlinear phenomena to better guide policy development for adaptation strategies and mitigation to environmental change • New tools and methods for studying ecological complexity
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