印尼万丹省地方国有企业监管机构的迫切性

Ray Ferza, M. I. A. Hamudy, M. Rifki
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摘要

根据2016年印尼中央统计局(BPS)的数据,地方政府所有企业(BUMD)未能达到最佳表现。印尼各地债券市场的状况差别很大,但大多数债券市场缺乏监管机构的明确方向或指导。本文试图通过代表万丹省政府从有限责任公司的监管、对城市商业银行监管的监管以及建立城市商业银行监管机构的监管工作三个方面来考察万丹省建立城市商业银行监管机构的紧迫性。本研究采用描述性分析和定性分析方法。通过深度访谈和焦点小组讨论获取数据。研究发现,万通省政府对其商业银行监管的监管力度在数量上仍处于最低水平,发布的监管规定仅涉及财务绩效方面。万丹省的中期发展计划(Rencana Pembangunan Jangka Menengah Daerah, RPJMD)没有将BUMD作为其成功的决定因素之一。本研究进一步揭示了有限责任公司管理的预算约束、有限责任公司管理中的法律歧义、有限的人力资源以及复杂的法律结构需要调整。对万丹省来说,建立明确、重点突出的城市建设项目监管机制是当务之急。有了这样的制度,省府就可以明确地监督省区市,政府对省区市的指导也将更加全面,而不仅仅局限于财务绩效控制。
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The Urgency of a Supervisory Institution for the Regional Government-Owned Enterprises (BUMD) of Banten Province, Indonesia
Based on data from 2016 Indonesia’s Central Bureau of Statistics (BPS), Regional Government Owned Enterprises (BUMD) failed to perform optimally. The condition of BUMDs varies greatly across Indonesia, but most of them lack of clear direction or guidance from a supervising institution. This paper seesk to highlight the urgency of establishing supervisory institution to guide BUMD in Banten Province by examining efforts on behalf of Province Government of Banten in institutionalizing BUMD supervision in three capacities the supervision of BUMD as limited liability companies, regulatory efforts for BUMD supervision, and the establishment of a supervising institution to guide the BUMD. The study employs a descriptive analysis and utilizes a qualitative approch. Data was retrieved through in-depth interviews and focus group discussions. The study found that regulative efforts by Province Government of Banten for the supervision of its BUMD were still at minimum in terms of quantity, and the issued regulations have only concerned on financial performance aspect. The Mid-term Development Plan (Rencana Pembangunan Jangka Menengah Daerah, RPJMD) of Banten province has not included BUMD as one of the determinants of its success. The study has further revealed budget constraints for BUMD supervision, legal ambiguities in the supervision of a Limited Liability Company (PT) BUMD, limited human resources, and a complex legal construction in need of adjustment. Establishing clear and focused institution for the supervision of BUMD is an urgent matter for Banten Province. With one in place, the Province could clearly supervise its BUMDs and government guidance thereof would be more comprehensive, not limited to financial performance control.
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